本研究旨在探討國小高年級兒童知覺父母婚姻衝突與同儕關係之狀況、背景變 項對知覺父母婚姻衝突與同儕關係之差異、父母婚姻衝突與同儕關係之相關性，以 及背景變項、知覺父母婚姻衝突對同儕關係之解釋力。本研究採問卷調查法，以臺 北地區公立國小高年級兒童為研究對象，採立意取樣和滾雪球方式得有效樣本 573 人。研究工具包括：個人背景資料調查表、兒童知覺父母婚姻衝突量表，以及同儕 關係量表。所得資料以描述性統計、單一樣本t 檢定、獨立樣本 t 檢定、單因子變異 數分析、皮爾森積差相關，以及強迫進入法多元迴歸進行分析。研究發現，兒童知 覺父母婚姻衝突程度屬低程度，且自覺同儕關係傾向於良好。新住民兒童之同儕關 係與臺灣籍兒童並無不同。兒童知覺父母婚姻衝突越低，其同儕關係越好。同樣面 臨父母婚姻衝突的男童與女童，男童的同儕關係較差。 根據研究發現，父母宜特 別注意，婚姻衝突對男童的負面影響比女童大，建議父母維持良好的婚姻互動，增 進父母面對婚姻衝突的能力，同時裨益兒童有發展良好同儕關係的環境。學校或諮 商團體在輔導兒童的同儕關係時，可針對家庭的互動情形，設計相關的課程或活動。
This study was aimed to investigate children’s subjective perception of the marital conflicts between their parents. The theories in which the cognitive-contextual framework was employed to investigate the influence of parents’ marital conflicts on their children were based to explore the personal background of senior elementary-school Taiwanese and new-inhabitant students, the differences between their peer relationships when they perceive their parents’ marital conflicts, the relationships between parental marital conflict and peer relationships, and the explanation of children’s person backgrounds and perceptions of their parents’ marital conflicts over their peer relationships. Questionnaire survey was employed in this study. Senior elementary-school Taiwanese students and senior elementary-school new-inhabitant students were regarded as the research objects. “Purposive and snowball sampling were adopted as the sampling methods. The total valid samples were 573 students. Results show that senior elementary-school students in Taipei tend to seldom perceive their parents’ marital conflicts. Senior elementary-school students in Taipei feel their peer relationships are good. In terms of senior elementary school students, the peer relationships of the children of new inhabitants are identical to the relationships of Taiwanese children. The more the senior elementary-school students perceive their parents’ marital conflicts, the worse the peer relationships are. Male children confronting their parents’ marital conflicts have worse peer relationships than female children confronting their parents’ marital conflicts. It was found that parents should particularly be careful that marital conflicts result in more negative influence on male children than female children. It is suggested that parents should maintain good marital interactions in order to increase their capabilities for confronting marital conflicts as well as simultaneously help bring their children a learning environment for developing good peer relationships. In addition, when schools and counseling groups counsel students on peer relationships, they can design relevant courses or activities according to family interactions.
