| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討大臺北地區成年人之Facebook使用行為、人際關係是否會因個人背景因素之不同而有差異，並探討大臺北地區成年人個人背景因素與Facebook使用行為對人際關係之解釋力，並根據研究結果提出建議，供相關單位參考。本研究以滾雪球及立意取樣，針對2015年臺北市及新北市20至64歲成年人進行問卷調查，得有效樣本432份。研究工具包括：個人背景資料調查表、Facebook使用行為量表、人際關係量表。研究結果以描述性統計、單一樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、卡方檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較、皮爾森積差相關，以及強迫進入法多元迴歸加以分析。研究結果如下：
1.「年齡」在「有無使用Facebook」層面上達顯著差異，「無使用Facebook」中40-64歲比20-39歲多；「有使用Facebook」中20-39歲比40-64歲多。
2.「年齡」在「每天使用Facebook的次數」和「每天使用Facebook的時間」層面上達顯著差異。「不一定會登錄Facebook」及「每天隨時登錄Facebook」中20-39歲比40-64歲多。每天登錄Facebook「 1小時以內」及「12小時以上」中20-39歲比40-64歲多。
3.「每月收入」在「有無使用Facebook」層面上達顯著差異，「無使用Facebook」中每月收入34,001元以上比34,000元以下多；「有使用Facebook」中每月收入34,000元以下比34,001元以上多。
4.「每月收入」在「每天使用Facebook的次數」層面上達顯著差異，「不一定會登錄Facebook」中每月收入在34,001元以上比34,000元以下多；「每天隨時登錄Facebook」中每月收入在34,000元以下比34,001元以上多。
5.「每月收入」在「每天使用Facebook的時間」層面上達顯著差異，在每天使用Facebook「 1小時以內」之選項中，收入在34,001元以上比34,000元以下多；每天使用Facebook 「9-12小時以內」之選項中，每月收入在34,000元以下優比34,001元以上多。
6.「社經地位」在「有無使用Facebook」層面上達顯著差異，「中高社經地位（含以上）」及「中低社經地位」選項中，有使用Facebook比無使用Facebook多。
7.「性別」在「朋友關係」層面上達顯著差異，獨立樣本t檢定中發現女性的朋友關係比男性好。
8.「年齡」在「人際關係」中之朋友關係層面上達顯著差異，經雪費事後比較發現「20-29歲」的朋友關係最佳。
9.「社經地位」在「人際關係」中之朋友關係層面上達顯著差異，經雪費事後比較發現「中高社經地位（含以上）」的朋友關係最佳。
10.「年齡」在「每天使用Facebook功能頻率」層面上達顯著差異，經雪費事後比較發現，每天使用Facebook功能頻率上20-29歲比40-64歲多。
11.「個人背景因素」中的「男性」、「年齡」、「收入在44,000元以下」對大臺北地區成年人之「人際關係」具有11%之解釋力。
根據研究結果發現，有使用Facebook的男性在人際關係上相較女性薄弱，每月收入較低者在人際關係較薄弱，其中以朋友關係較為明顯，而家人關係則不受收入狀況影響。每天使用Facebook功能頻率愈高及使用次數愈多者，朋友關係則愈良好，但在家人關係上則呈現相反現象。
建議男性可適度表達自我感情，以增進人際關係。而每月收入較低者之社交活動不一定是建立於金錢活動上，可從事義工活動、散步、跑步等休閒活動，也是提升朋友關係的選擇。
The study was to discuss whether the behavior of Facebook user and the interpersonal relations among the adults can be differed by the individual’s background, and furthermore, try to explain the influence of the above two factors on interpersonal relations. It also provided the suggestions based on the research results for reference.
The snowball and purposive sampling were performed to conduct the study, and the questionnaire was also used to survey the adults ranging from 20 to 64 years old. 432 valid samples were collected. The research instrument consisted as followings: individual’s background questionnaire, Facebook user behavior scale, and interpersonal relations scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, One Sample t test, Independent Sample t test, Chi Square, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe’s Method, Pearson product-moment correlation and Enter Multiple Regression Analysis. The results were:
1.“Age” showed a significant difference on “Facebook User”. People ranging from 40-64 years old were more “Non Facebook User” than those ranging from 20-39. And 20-49 had more Facebook Users than 40-64.
2.“Age” also has a significant difference on “Frequency on Facebook per day ” and “Time Spent on Facebook per day.” 20-39 year-old Users were more than 40-64 on “Non Active User” and “Daily Active User.” On “Daily Facebook User”, 20-39 showed more numbers on “Within 1 hour” and “Above 12 hours” than 40-64.
3.“Monthly income” showed a significant difference on “Facebook User.” Monthly income “above 34,001” had more “Non Facebook User” than “under 34,000”; monthly income “under 34,000” had more “Facebook User” than “above 34,001”:.
4.“Monthly income” showed a significant difference on “Frequency on Facebook per day”. “Monthly income” “above 34,001” tended to be “Non Active User” more than those “under 34,000”; Those “under 34,000” were more “Active User.”
5.“Monthly income” showed a significant difference on “Time Spent on Facebook per day”. On “Within 1 hour,” the income “above 34,001” were more than “under 34,000”; “Within 9-12 hours ,” Monthly income “under 34,000” surpassed that “above 34,001”.
6.“Socioeconomic Status” has a significant difference on “Facebook User.” “Higher Socioeconomic Status” and “Lower Socioeconomic Status” had more Facebook Users.
7.“Gender” has a great difference on “Friendship.” In Independent- Sample t test, female had better friendship than male.
8.“Age” showed a great difference on “Friendship”. In Scheffe’s Method, people ranging from 20-29 years old had better friendship.
9.“Socioeconomic Status” showed a significant difference on “Friendship”. In Scheffe’s Method, people with higher Socioeconomic Status had better friendship.
10.“Age” has a signifiant diffence on “Frequency on Facebook per day,” In Scheffe’s Method, People from 20-29 years old used more Facebook than those from 40-64.
11.In terms of “Individual’s Background”, “Male”,”Age”, and “Monthly income under 44,000” had 11% variance on “Interpersonal Relations” of the Adults in Taipei.
According to the research results, male facebook users had weaker interpersonal relations than female; Lower monthly income users also had weaker interpersonal relations, especially on friendship. However, Family relations correlated less with income status. People with higher frequency on Facebook per day had better friendship, but weaker family relations.
The study suggests the men show more feelings for more harmonious relations. And people with lower income don’t have to base their activities on money; instead, they can do more volunteer, walking or jogging to gain better friendship. |
