| 摘要: | 由2014年內政部統計資料顯示，25至44歲單身人口數從2004年至2013年，成長百分之28，顯示單身人口增加。單身給予人存在的刻板印象認為，是否在人際互動技巧上有不足之處，相關研究顯示社交自我效能較高者與人際關係是否良好有一定相關性。單身者是否因人際互動及社交自我效能薄弱導致社交信心降低，值得深入探討。綜觀國內社交自我效能之研究，鮮少針對單身者為對象，且人際關係及社交自我效能兩者做結合的國內外實證研究甚少，故本論文旨在探討單身者社交自我效能與人際關係之關係研究，並設定性別、年齡、教育程度、宗教信仰與婚姻狀況為背景變項。
本研究採「問卷調查法」，以25至44歲臺北市與新北市從未結婚之單身者為研究對象，依區域分層及單身人口比例配額發放，取得有效樣本385份。測量工具包括：個人背景因素調查表、社交自我效能量表以及人際關係量表共三項，分析方法以描述性統計、單一樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較、皮爾森積差相關、強迫進入法多元迴歸分析，研究結果如下:
一、單身者的「社交自我效能」、「人際關係」皆為中上程度
二、單身者之「教育程度」在「社交自我效能」、「人際關係」上達顯著差異， 大專以上之人際關係及社交自我效能較為良好。
三、單身者之「婚姻狀況」在「社交自我效能」上達顯著差異，「從未結婚者」 的社交自我效能比「離婚、喪偶者」來的較佳。
四、單身者之「社交自我效能」與「人際關係」之間存在顯著正相關。
五、單身者之「社交自我效能」對人際關係具有27%之顯著解釋力。
建議各相關單位多推廣社交自我效能之相關課程，使單身者在社交場合中能輕鬆接觸人群及應對，以增進良好的社交自我效能與人際關係。
Data from the 2014 Census and Statistics Department of the Ministry of the Interior show that single people aged from 25 to 44 increased by 28% from 2004 to 2013, demonstrating the increased number of single people. The existing stereotyped image of single people makes others think that their interpersonal development skills are inadequate. According to the relevant studies, those with higher social self-efficacy certainly relate to whether their interpersonal relations are good. Therefore, it’s worthy of further discussion on whether single people would be worried about that their weak interpersonal ability and lower social self-efficacy will lead to reduced social confidence, thereby reducing their behaviors of getting along with others.
Looking at the domestic research on social self-efficacy, there are few studies on single people as objects, and there are also very few domestic and foreign empirical researches on the combination of both interpersonal relationships and social self-efficacy. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to investigate the relation between single people’s self-efficacy and interpersonal relationships, and set gender, age, education level, religion and marital status as background variables.
This study adopted “questionnaire”, took never-married singles aged from 25 to 44 in Taipei and New Taipei city as study population and issued questionnaires regional stratification and the proportion of single population quota, obtaining 385 valid samples. The research instruments include personal background factor questionnaire, Social Self-efficacy Scale and Interpersonal Relationship Scales; analytical methods are descriptive statistics, one sample t test, independent sample t test, one-way analysis of variance, Scheffe posterior comparisons, Pearson product-moment correlation, enter method and multiple regression analysis. The results are shown as follows:
1. Single people’s “social self-efficacy” and “interpersonal relationships” show upper degree.
2. Single people’s “education” shows significant difference in “social self-efficacy” and “interpersonal relationships”.
3. Single people’s “marital status” shows significant difference in “social self-efficacy”.
4. Single people’s “social self-efficacy” and “interpersonal relationships” show significant positive correlation.
5. Single people’s “social self-efficacy” has 27% of variance to interpersonal relationships.
It suggested that relevant units promote more courses on social self-efficacy so that single people can easily contact and deal with people in social situations in order to enhance good self-efficacy and social relationships. |
