| 摘要: | 本研究主要探討25種鄉土植物的抗氧化成分與抗氧化活性。鄉土植物包括：茉草、杭菊(乾燥花)、薑花、艾草(新鮮)、馬齒莧、金銀花、茴香、假人參、桑葉、桑葉茶、昭和草、苦苣菜、空心蓮子草、車前草、食茱萸、艾草市售粉末、白鵲豆、水蕨、細葉碎米薺、白鳳菜(野生)、杭菊新鮮、破布子(葉)、蠶砂、蠶砂茶、野莧菜和各種薑黃。分析抗氧化成分包括：多酚類、類黃酮類、黃酮醇類與花青素類；抗氧化活性分析包括：DPPH自由基清除率、Trolox當量的抗氧化能力、親脂性ORACFL與親水性ORACFL等；使用HPLC進行黃酮醇類與花青素類的定性及定量分析。結果顯示：苦苣菜和茉草具有最高的多酚類含量。蠶砂和蠶砂茶具有最高的類黃酮類含量和黃酮醇類含量。茉草具有最高的花青素類含量。薑黃去皮(市售粉末)不論在多酚類、類黃酮類、黃酮醇類和花青素類含量都顯著高於一般鄉土植物。在DPPH自由基清除能力，以茉草、薑黃中段和薑黃秋金(南投)最佳。Trolox當量的抗氧化能力，甲醇與酸化乙醇萃取液皆以茉草與薑黃去皮(市售粉末)Trolox當量的抗氧化活性最佳。氧自由基吸收能力，以杭菊(乾燥花)、薑花、薑黃去皮(市售粉末)、薑黃上段、薑黃底段和野生薑黃上部氧自由基吸收能力的抗氧化活性最佳。另外，黃酮醇類含量最豐富包括：杭菊(乾燥花)和薑黃去皮(市售粉末)富含quercitin；茴香、蠶砂和薑黃底段富含myricetin、艾草市售粉末和金銀花富含morin；食茱萸富含kaempferol。花青素類含量最豐富包括：茉草富含delphinidin;茉草和薑黃中段富含cyanidin；茉草和白鵲豆富含malvidin。臺灣鄉土植物以親水性ORAC與抗氧化成分最具相關性。結論：茉草、苦苣菜和杭菊(乾燥花)富含抗氧化成分與具有最佳抗氧化活性。這些具有最好抗氧化成分來源的臺灣鄉土植物，將來可提供相關之生物性應用。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant substances and antioxidant activity of Taiwan landrace plants, including Ohwia caudata (Thunb.) Ohashi (OC), Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvelev. (DM), Hedychium coronarium Koening (HC), Artemisia princeps Pamp. var. oriontalis (Pamp.) Hars. (ArP), Portulaca oleracea (PO), Lonicra japonica Thunb. (LJ), Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (FV), Talinum triangulare Willd. (TT), Morus alba (MA), Morus alba tea (MT), Crassocephalum crepidioides (benth.) S. Moore. (CC), Sonchus oleraceus (SO), Alternanthera philoxeroides (Moq.) Griseb. (AlP), Plantago asiatica (PA), Zanthoxylum ailanthoides Sieb. & Zucc (ZA), Lablab purpureus Sweet (LP), Ceratopteris thalictroides Brongn. (CT), Cardamine flexuosa With. (CF), Gynura formosana Kitamura (GF), Cordia dichotoma Forst. f. (CD), Bombyx mori feces (B), Bombyx mori feces tea (BT), Amaranthus viridis (AV), and various of Curcuma longa (CL).
The antioxidative components such as polyphenol, flavonoids, flavonols and anthocyanidins were analized. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH radicals scavenging, TEAC values and oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) values. The individual of flavonols and antocyanidins were also determined by HPLC.
In results, the polyphenol content was higher in SO and OC. The flavonoids and flavonols contents were higher in B and BT. The anthocyanidins content was higher in OC. Particularly, the polyphenol, flavonoids, flavonols and anthocyanidins contents were highest in CL (powder) as compared to the rest of landrace plants. OC, CL (medial) and CL (Nantou) had the best DPPH radicals scavenging activity, while OC and CL (powder) also had the highest of TEAC values in both methonolic and acid ethanolic extracts. DM (dry), HC, CL (powder), CL (top), CL (bottom) and CL (wild top) had best ORAC values. The quercetin was higher in DM (dry) or CL (powder), while myricetin was higher in FV and B or CL (bottom). The morin was higher in ArP (powder) and LJ, while kaempferol was higher in ZA. The delphinidin was higher in OC, while cyanidin was higher in OC or CL (medial). The malvidin was higher in OC and LP. Taiwan landrace plants were significant correled with hydrophilic ORACFL values and antioxidant components.
In conclusion, OC, SO and DM (dry) had higher antioxidant components and had higher antioxidant activity. The result of the best source of antioxidant components of these landrace plants can provide for further biological evaluation in the feature. |
