| 摘要: | 現代社會不論男女對身體意象皆有一定程度的關注。根據國外研究發現，妻子在身體意象中的「身體各部位滿意度」，會影響婚姻關係中生理層面的性滿足，連帶影響婚姻滿意度。而國內文獻也顯示，身體意象顯著影響「婚姻五經論」中社會層面的顏面與自尊。是故，本研究旨在探討已婚男女的身體意象與婚姻滿意度之相關性，以及個人背景因素與身體意象對婚姻滿意度的解釋力。
本研究以臺灣北部地區已婚男女為研究對象，採用問卷調查法之「配額取樣」，有效樣本數為613人。研究工具包括：「個人背景因素調查表」、「中文修訂版多向度自我身體關係問卷」(MBSRQ)、「婚姻滿意度量表」，所得資料以描述性統計（次數分配、百分比、平均數、標準差）、單一樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、雪費事後比較、皮爾森積差相關及強迫進入法多元迴歸進行分析。本研究結果如下：
一、已婚男女之「身體意象」與「婚姻滿意度」皆顯著高於理論中點，表示已婚男女之身體意象與婚姻滿意度傾向於「中上程度」
二、「BMI值」在「身體意象」上有顯著差異，BMI值正常及過重者比肥胖者在身體意象上呈現較佳的滿意度。
三、「教育程度」在「婚姻滿意度」上有顯著差異，大學(含)以上比高中職（含）以下者對婚姻擁有較佳的滿意度。
四、「個人經濟收入」在「婚姻滿意度」上有顯著差異，收入45,801元(含)以上比22,800(含)以下者，呈現較佳的婚姻滿意度。
五、已婚男女的「身體意象」和「婚姻滿意度」達顯著正相關，表示身體意象愈正向者其婚姻滿意度亦較佳。
六、已婚男女中之高學歷、身體意象滿意度較高者，其婚姻滿意度較佳；而結婚愈久者，其婚姻滿意度則較低，上述3個變項對「婚姻滿意度」有18%之解釋力。
七、已婚男性高學歷、身體意象滿意度較高者，其婚姻滿意度較佳，上述2個變項對「婚姻滿意度」有24%之解釋力。
八、已婚女性中之高學歷、身體意象滿意度較高者，其婚姻滿意度較佳；而結婚愈久者，其婚姻滿意度則較低，上述3個變項對「婚姻滿意度」有17%之解釋力。
本研究結果發現，高學歷、身體意象滿意度較高者，其婚姻滿意度較佳；而結婚愈久者，其婚姻滿意度則較低。故建議全體已婚男女宜吸收婚姻經營之多元資訊，學習夫妻間溝通之正向回應；留意結婚年數對婚姻滿意度的影響，用心經營婚姻關係；建立正向之身體意象，進而提高婚姻滿意度，擁有良好的婚姻關係。
Men or women are concerned about body image in the current society. According to the research, the satisfaction with each part of the body in wives’ body image not only affects the physical sexual fulfillment but also the marital satisfaction. Moreover, body image has influences on the social prestige and self-esteem in marriage .
Thus, the main purpose of this study is to explore the relationships between married men’s and women’s body images and marital satisfaction, and the explanation of married men’s and women’s individual backgrounds and body image over marital satisfactions.
The research is based on the “survey method” of the married men and women’s in northern Taiwan. Through quota sampling, 613 effective questionnaires are obtained. Instruements include “Individual Background/Information”, “Multidimensional Body-Self Relation Questionnaire (MBSRQ)” and “Marital satisfaction questionnaire”. Date are analyzed by frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent-Samples t-test, One-way ANOVA, and multiple regression analysis. Findings of the research are listed below:
1. “Body image” and “marital satisfaction” of the married men and women are at mid-high level.
2. BMI has significant influences on the body image. Married men and women with standard BMI and those who are overweight feel more satisfied than the obesities- .
3. Educational attainment has significant influences on the marital satisfaction. Married men and women with college degree or above. feel more satisfied than those who are below high school.
4. Personal incomes have significant influences on the marital satisfactions. Married men and women whose incomes are above NT45,801 dollars feel more satisfied than those whose incomes are below NT22,800 dollars.
5. The higher level of body image of the married men and women, the better the marital satisfaction will be.
6. The higher level of “body image” and ”educational attainment” of the married men and women, the better marital satisfaction will be; the higher level of “years of marriage”, the worse to “marital satisfaction” will be, the above 3 factors versus marital satisfaction showed 18% predictability.
7. Married men , the better marital satisfaction will be; the above 2 factors versus marital satisfaction showed 24% predictability.
8. The higher level of ”educational attainment” and “body image” of the married women , the better marital satisfaction will be; the higher level of “years of marriage”, the worse to “marital satisfaction” will be, the results showed 17% predictability on the above 3 factors versus marital satisfaction.
Based on the research results, the higher level of－”educational attainment” and “body image” of the married men and women , the better marital satisfaction will be; the higher level of “marriage years”, the worse to “marital satisfaction” will be. Therefore it is suggested that married men and women should get more multi-information, learn positive communication methods between couples, be aware of the effects that years of marriage performs on marriage satisfaction, and manage the marriage with all heart; keep higher level body image to improve marital satisfaction and own wonderful marriage relationships. |
