| 摘要: | 本研究目的在瞭解大學生與研究生心目中對於四種心理健康服務者（諮商心理師、臨床心理師、精神科醫師、社會工作師）之形象定位、形象評價，以及面臨不同心理議題時，選擇心理健康服務者之求助偏好傾向；並瞭解不同背景變項（心輔相關系所與非相關系所、性別、曾否接受心理健康服務）之受試者對於四種心理健康服務者之形象定位，以及不同心理議題求助偏好選擇之差異。
本研究採問卷調查法，參考相關文獻後，以研究者自編之「心理健康服務者形象定位調查問卷」，抽取548位大學生與研究生為樣本資料，以描述統計分析、多元尺度法、二因子重複量數變異數分析、卡方考驗等方式進行統計分析，結果如下：
一、四種心理健康服務者之形象定位知覺圖中，X軸界定為「處置的危機程度」，Y軸界定為「物質／有形與心智／精神」。
二、大學生與研究生對於四種心理健康服務者之形象評價均為正向肯定之評價。
三、大學生與研究生面臨「生涯議題」、「自我成長議題」、「學習適應議題」、「性別認同議題」與「伴侶議題」時，傾向優先選擇諮商心理師；面對「兒童行為問題」、「經濟議題」與「家庭議題」時，傾向優先選擇社會工作師；面臨「精神分裂症」、「PTSD」與「憂鬱症」，則優先選擇精神科醫師；面臨「發展遲緩早期療育議題」時，傾向以臨床心理師為優先求助對象。
四、心輔相關系所與非相關系所、性別、曾否接受心理健康服務之大學生與研究生對於四種心理健康服務者之形象定位並無差異。
五、心輔相關系所與非相關系所、曾否接受心理健康服務之受試者面臨不同心理議題時，選擇心理健康服務者之求助偏好傾向有差異；而性別間沒有差異。
本研究針對上述結果加以討論，並提出相關建議，期供諮商心理學實務工作者做為未來推廣諮商心理專業之參考。
This study aims to investigate graduate and postgraduate students’ image position, evaluation, and help-seeking preferences against four mental health service providers’ which includes the counseling psychologists, clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers. Besides, this study also aims to understand whether the different background variables (such as majoring in Counseling related departments and non-related departments, gender, had received mental health services) will affect graduate and postgraduate students’ image position, evaluation, and help-seeking preferences against four mental health service providers.
Questionnaire survey method was adopted in this study. The researcher designed a questionnaire, named "the questionnaire of mental health services’ image position.” 548 graduate and postgraduate students were selected as the sample data. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistic method, multidimensional scaling, two-way ANOVA, and chi-square test. The result of this study is as follows:
1. The X axis is defined as "the degree of crisis management", the Y-axis is defined as "material and mental" in the image positioning perception chart.
2. The four mental health service providers’ image evaluations were given positive by graduate and postgraduate students.
3.The result shows that when the graduate and postgraduate students are faced with "career issues", "self-growth agenda", "learning adaptation", "gender identity" and "partner issues", they prefer to select counseling psychologists; when faced with "child behavior problems", "economic issues" and "family issues", they prefer to select social workers; when faced with "schizophrenic", "PTSD" and "depressive", they prefer to select psychiatrists; when faced with " early intervention issues of the developmental delay ", they prefer to select clinical psychologists.
4. There was no difference in the image position between graduate and postgraduate students with different variables, such as majoring in counseling related departments or non-related departments, genders, with or without mental health services.
5. There were some differences in the help-seeking preferences between the participants majoring in counseling related departments and non-related departments. Likewise, there was difference in the help-seeking preferences between the participants with or without mental health services. There was no difference in the help-seeking preferences between different genders.
In this study, the researcher will discuss the above results and come up some suggestions to provide people who engage in the counseling psychology with the references for future counseling psychology promotion. |
