| 摘要: | 本研究旨在瞭解台北地區青少年「理財教育」與「金錢態度」之現況，並分析不同「個人背景因素」與「家庭背景因素」之台北地區青少年分別在「理財教育」與「金錢態度」的差異情形，進而探討台北地區青少年的「理財教育」與「金錢態度」間的關聯性，及台北地區青少年「理財教育」對「金錢態度」的解釋力。
本研究係採「調查法」方式進行資料蒐集，並以「分層比例」之抽樣方式，選取台北地區（台北市及新北市）公私立國中七至九年級學生為研究對象，正式施測樣本數為560份，實得有效樣本為510份，有效回收率達91.07%。本研究所使用研究工具包括「個人背景資料調查表」、「家庭背景資料調查表」、「理財教育量表」及「金錢態度量表」。施測所得資料以統計軟體 SPSS for Windows 17.0 進行結果分析，分別以描述性統計、單一樣本t檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關以及多元迴歸等統計方法加以分析。研究主要結果歸納如下：
一、台北地區青少年在整體「理財教育」表現上，屬於中高程度。
二、台北地區青少年在整體「金錢態度」表現上，屬於中高程度。
三、不同「性別」、「零用錢數量」、「儲蓄習慣」之青少年在「理財教育」上皆達顯著差異；不同「年級」、「記帳習慣」之青少年在「理財教育」上，則未達顯著差異。
四、不同「家庭型態」、「父母教育程度」、「父母親金錢教養」、「金錢觀影響」之青少年在「理財教育」上達顯著差異；不同「父母職業」之青少年在「理財教育」上，則未達顯著差異。
五、不同「零用錢數量」、「記帳習慣」、「儲蓄習慣」之青少年在「金錢態度」上達顯著差異；不同「性別」、「年級」及有無「理財課程」之青少年在「金錢態度」上，則未達顯著差異。
六、不同「母親職業」、「父母教育程度」、「父親金錢教養」、「金錢觀」之青少年在「金錢態度」上達顯著差異；不同「父親職業」、「母親金錢教養」、「家庭型態」之青少年在「金錢態度」上，則未達顯著差異。
七、台北地區青少年「理財教育」與「金錢態度」呈現顯著相關。
八、「理財知識」、「理財技能」及「理財責任」對青少年的「金錢態度」具有預測力。
最後，研究者根據本研究主要結果，提出幾點建議，希望能提供父母、學校老師、金融機構幫助青少年建立正確金錢觀念及理財態度。
The purpose of this study was to explore the current status of the adolescents’ finance education and money attitude in Taipei area, and the influences of different personal background and different family background on finance education and money attitude. In addition to find out the correlation of finance education and money attitude, this study will further discuss the relationship between the adolescents’ finance education and money attitude in Taipei area, and the explanation of adolescents’ finance education to money attitude.
In this study, the questionnaire survey was used for data collecting, and proportionate stratified sampling was adopted on the samples of 560 7th to 9th grade students from public or private junior high school in Taipei city and New Taipei city, among which 510 samples were valid returns (91.07%). This study employed a personal background questionnaire, finance education scale , and money attitude scale, and utilized the descriptive statistics, one sample t-test, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation and multiple regression to analyze all the datum. The major findings were as follows:
1. In general, the adolescents expressed a high-intermediate degree of finance education in Taipei area.
2. In general, the adolescents expressed a high-intermediate degree of money attitude in Taipei area.
3. Regarding to the adolescents’ sense of finance education with different gender, the number of pocket money, the habit of saving shared the significant difference; on the other hand, the different grade, the habit of accounting failed to show any statistically significant difference.
4. Regarding to the adolescents’ sense of financial education with different family type , parents’ educational level, parents’ money education, opinion of money shared the significant difference; on the other hand, the different parents’ career failed to show any statistically significant difference.
5. The difference of adolescents’ background of the number of pocket money, the habit of accounting and the habit of saving shared statistically significant differences on their sense of money attitude; on the other hand, the different gender, grade and finance education courses failed to show any statistically significant difference.
6. The difference of adolescents’ background of mother’s career, parents’ educational level, father’s money education practices and opinion of money shared significant differences on their money attitude; on the other hand, the different father’s career, mother’s money education practices and family type failed to show any statistically significant difference.
7. There was a significant correlation between the adolescents’ finance education and money attitude in Taipei area.
8. Adolescents’ money attitude was predictable based on financial knowledge, financial skills, and financial responsibility in Taipei area.
Based on the results and findings of this study, this study made several practical suggestions to provide guidelines and instructions for parents, teachers, financial institutions to develop effective strategies to build adolescents’ appropriate money concept and finance attitude. |
