According to the experience of constitutional design, federation seems to be a better choice to solving the problematic of separatism and secessionism in order to maintain national integration at the one side, as well as ethnic, racial, and cultural plurality on the other. However, Multi-Nation State can be either federal or unitary, federation is not a necessity. Even though under a unitary system, the issue of ethnic conflicts could be managed under a system of consociationalism under which bicameralism, grand coalition, segmental autonomy and minority veto power, as well as other mechanisms, constitute major characteristics of the constitutional design.
During the past few years, litterature of mainstream comparative politics suggestes that an “ideal” balanced federalism is difficut to be manifested in the real world. Thus, an asymmertical federal arrangements emerges as a solution for those countries with serious ethnic, cultural, linguistic or religious conflicts, while federacy－a newly developed concept of political framework－plays a function as building a bridge between unitary and federal system in order to solve those perpetual in a unitary state.
