熱量攝取過多爲台灣地區學童體重過重或肥胖的重要因子之一，爲了加強食物份量教學以控制熱量攝取，本研究以碗作爲五穀根莖類和蔬菜類的度量單位，評估學童食物份量的學習成效。將五穀根莖類以4個營養份量爲1碗或2碗的供應量，蔬菜類1個營養份量爲1碗的供應量，拍攝爲數位照片並展示解說教學，經過3個月後學童以裝填指定份量的方式評估度量工具的正確性。結果顯示五榖根莖類裏僅有白飯平均重量誤差百分比低於指定重量的75%，其他五榖根莖類食物的平均重量誤差百分比皆在指定重量的75%~125%之內；至於蔬菜類部份，胡蘿蔔的平均裝填重量爲128.75%，其餘各項食物約在指定重量90%~110%以內。以裝填食物重量在指定重量±25%爲得分依據，學童平均得分和標準差是7.5±1.47，表示每位學童可利用碗爲度量工具準確估計2/3以上五榖根莖類和蔬菜類的食物供應量。此學習成果指出學童利用碗做爲五榖根莖類和蔬菜類食物供應量的正確性在可接受範圍之內，並期望作爲日後營養教育之參考。
Energy intake is one of main factors for overweight and obese schoolchildren in Taiwan. In order to strengthen the teaching of portion size for controlling energy intake, the achievement of serving size accuracy assessed for grain and vegetable foods by using bowl was studied in fifth-grade elementary schoolchildren. The digital pictures including 4 and 1 portion sizes of grain and vegetable food as 1 serving size, respectively, were be taken and showed in the lectures. Three months after lectures, indicated weight (IW) as told was taken into bowls by schoolchildren to assess the accuracy of measurement tool. Although, the average percentage of weight (APW) for boiled rice in grain food was lower than 75% of IW, the APW for the other items of grain food was in the range of 75%~125% of IW. For the vegetable food, the APW for carrot taken into the bowl was 128.75% of IW. The APW of other items for vegetable food was all within 90%~110% of IW. When average percentage of weight error was within ±25% of IW, each of schoolchildren was given 1 point, the average and standard error of score was calculated as 7.5±1.47 points. These data showed that serving size of more than 2/3 food items could be accurately measured by schoolchildren when bowl was applied as a measurement tool. These results indicated that bowl could be a useful and acceptable measurement aid for assessing the serving size of grain and vegetable foods as indicated in this research. This result is also suggested to be a reference of nutrition education in the future.
