本文以亞洲地區的銀行為研究對象，研究期間為2016年至2022年，透過系統一般化動差法(System Generalized Method of Moment, GMM)，分析女性董事與ESG對銀行績效、風險的影響。研究結果顯示女性董事有助於提升績效、降低風險，女性董事會成員會帶來不同的視角和經驗，有助於促進更全面的討論和決策過程，進而提升績效，且在風險評估方面更加謹慎，不過度自信，使銀行更穩健。
女性董事與ESG交互作用結果顯示，績效為正向關係不顯著，風險為負向關係不顯著，在亞洲部分國家存在深厚的性別偏見和刻板印象，可能會影響女性董事的發言權和決策影響力。即使女性進入董事會，傳統觀念仍然可能限制她們發揮全部潛力，因此導致女性董事在落實ESG相關政策時，並無法顯著提升績效及降低風險。
This study focuses on banks in the Asian region during the period from 2016 to 2022. Using the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), it analyzes the im-pact of female directors and ESG factors on bank performance and risk. The results indicate that female directors contribute to improved performance and reduced risk. Female board members bring different perspectives and experiences, fostering more comprehensive discussions and decision-making processes and enhancing perfor-mance. Female directors are also more cautious in risk assessment and less overconfi-dent, which helps banks operate more steadily.
The interaction between female directors and ESG shows that the positive rela-tionship with performance is insignificant, and the negative relationship with risk is not significant. In some Asian countries, deep-rooted gender biases and stereotypes may affect the speaking power and decision-making influence of female directors. Even when women are appointed to the board, traditional views may impede their full poten-tial, preventing female directors from significantly enhancing performance and reduc-ing risk when implementing ESG-related policies.
