| 摘要: | 本研究透過「語料庫輔助的論述分析」(corpus-assisted discourse study, CADS)的方式，以「躺平」作爲關鍵字抓取 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2024 年 1 月 31 日中國大陸「躺平文化」微博媒體發文 830 筆共計 10 萬 2,041 個字，並探究發文的背後呈現什麽樣的論述與意識形態觀點。主要研究問題如下：（1）中國大陸媒體對於透過網際網路而傳播的消極心理文化現象（躺平文化） 的論述觀點為何？（2）「躺平文化」相關論述形塑何種中國大陸社群輿論環境？包含何種意識形態觀點？
研究發現，相關發文可分爲三個論述層面：（1）表「躺平文化」正負面態度的論述，相關發文表面上看似沒有使用過於激烈的論述加以大肆批判，但亦不認爲其是一個完全正向的次文化；（2）形成「躺平文化」社會面因素的論述，研究透過由淺入深的剖析後得出，當代年輕人長期受到「奮鬥精神」價值觀的影響而熱衷於參與社會上的各種競爭機制以求出人頭地，但在這個過程中又受到部分資本對於個體勞動力的過度「榨取」，促使其陷入「内卷」的自我消耗局面，「躺平」更像是年輕人「求而不得」後所刻意建構的壓抑慾望的「異化表現」，「躺平文化」的傳播亦讓衆多年輕人「一語點醒」加入到反「内卷」的抗爭中；（3）有關「疫情防控」的論述被用於作爲「躺平文化」論述的延伸，一方面回應了外界在疫情轉折期對於中國大陸防控政策的質疑，另一方面透過批判西方國家的「躺平式防疫」政策，肯定了中國大陸「嚴防嚴控」政策的科學性和人性化；此外，研究也發現，媒體對於「躺平文化」的報導引述多半是具有一定權威性和社會地位的高階人士，而鮮少有對於年輕人的正面回應，體現了相關話語權論述上存在一定的局限性和壟斷性。
This study employs a “corpus-assisted discourse study” (CADS) approach, using the keyword “Lie Flat” to capture Chinese “Lie Flat” culture on Weibo’s media reports. It covers 830 articles with a total of 102,041 words, dated from January 1, 2021, to January 31, 2024. The study aims to explore the discourse and ideological perspectives presented in these reports. The main research questions are as follows: (1) What are the discourse perspectives of Chinese media on the negative psychological cultural phenomenon (“Lie Flat” culture) propagated through the Internet? (2) What kind of Chinese social media opinion environment is shaped by the discourse related to “Lie Flat” culture, and what ideological perspectives are included?
The study finds that the related reports can be categorized into three discourse levels: (1) Discourses expressing positive and negative attitudes towards “Lie Flat” culture. The relevant reports do not seem to use overly intense rhetoric to criticize “Lie Flat” culture extensively, but they do not consider it a completely positive subculture either. (2) Discourses about the social factors shaping “Lie Flat” culture. Through an in-depth analysis, the study concludes that contemporary young people, long-term influenced by the values of “striving spirit” are eager to participate in various social competition mechanisms to achieve success. However, during this process, they face excessive “exploitation” of their labor by some capital forces, leading to a self-depletion state of “involution”. “Lie Flat” appears to be an “alienated expression” of suppressed desires, constructed by young people after their aspirations are thwarted. The spread of “Lie Flat” culture has awakened many young people to join the “anti-involution” struggle. (3) Discourses on “the prevention and control of Covid-19” are used as an extension of the “Lie Flat” culture discourses. On the one hand, these discourses respond to external doubts about Chinese prevention policies during the transition period of Covid-19. On the other hand, by criticizing the Western countries’ “Lie Flat” pandemic prevention policies, these reports affirm the scientific and humane aspects of Chinese strict prevention and control policies. Additionally, the study finds that media reports on “Lie Flat” culture mostly quote high-ranking individuals with certain authority and social status, while there are few positive responses from young people. This reflects certain limitations and monopolistic tendencies about the discourse authority. |
