由於不同群體於獲取資本及社會資源上程度有所差異，因此使得社會中逐漸產生社會階層及社會階級分化之現象。而此種差異不僅僅影響各社會階層群體於獲取社會資源及資本的不同，同時亦對於不同社會階層於城市中之居住模式產生影響。過去研究發現不同社會階層群體在空間分佈上有傾向群聚化現象，因而造就不同社會階層群體於空間上之分化，導致如居住隔離之現象。
而綜觀我國過去探討居住隔離之研究中，較少以整體性之角度觀察居住隔離之情形，則多以特定族群或群體進行討論。為此，本研究為探究社會階層化是否對居住隔離具影響性。故本研究首先觀察在社會階層化之體系下臺北市是否存在居住隔離，並利用分異指數（IOD）作為檢驗居住隔離指數，觀察臺北市過去20年（2001年至2021年）居住隔離情形的變化。同時利用綜合社會經濟指數（CSI）觀察各行政區之社會經濟特徵，藉以評斷臺北市居住隔離情形。根據研究結果利用SPSS進行探索性因素分析（EFA）萃取影響臺北市居住隔離之因素後，將其結果透過Stata進行縱橫資料分析（Panel data），依據實證結果找尋影響臺北市居住隔離之原因。
研究結果顯示，臺北市居住隔離情形自2001年起有減緩之趨勢，但於2011年起產生反轉，直至2021年其分異指數達近二十年來之最高峰，說明臺北市居住隔離程度有增加之趨勢且同時高社會階層群體群聚之行政區同時亦為臺北市社會經濟特徵良好區域，因此說明形成臺北市居住隔離之因素。另一部分，本研究亦發現公共服務資源、城市生活品質及行政區因素為影響臺北市居住隔離之因素。因此本研究希冀透過本研究之結論提供未來政府或規劃者在進行整體區域規劃時考量。
Due to differences among various groups in acquiring capital and social resources, a phenomenon of social stratification and class differentiation has gradually emerged in society. These differences not only affect the ability of different social strata to access social resources and capital, but also influence the residential patterns of different social strata within cities. Previous research has found that different social strata tend to cluster spatially, resulting in spatial differentiation among social strata and leading to phenomena such as residential segregation.
In reviewing past research on residential segregation in our country, it is noted that most studies have not taken a holistic perspective on the overall situation of residential segregation, instead focusing on specific ethnic groups or communities. Therefore, this study aims to explore whether social stratification affects residential segregation. First, this study examines whether residential segregation exists in Taipei City under the social stratification system by using the Index of Dissimilarity to assess changes in residential segregation over the past 20 years. Additionally, the Composite Socioeconomic Index is used to observe the socioeconomic characteristics of each administrative district in order to evaluate the residential segregation in Taipei City.
Based on the study results, EFA using SPSS is conducted to extract factors influencing residential segregation in Taipei City. The analysis results are then examined through panel data analysis using Stata to identify the causes of residential segregation in Taipei City based on empirical evidence.The results show that residential segregation in Taipei City has shown a decreasing trend since 2001, but this trend reversed in 2011, reaching its peak in the past twenty years by 2021. This indicates an increasing trend in residential segregation in Taipei City, with high social strata clustering in administrative districts that also have favorable socioeconomic characteristics.. Additionally, the study finds that public service resources, urban quality of life, and administrative district factors influence residential segregation in Taipei City. Thus, this study hopes to provide conclusions that future government or planners can consider when conducting overall regional planning.
