| 摘要: | 政府採購法在政府機關執行公共工程採購中扮演著至關重要的角色，其法律性質既包含公法性質又包含私法性質。在採購法的邀標階段，如招標、審標、決標等作業，屬於公法性質，而在履約階段所發生的爭議，則按照民法進行履約爭議之救濟行為，呈現私法性質。這種法理原則被稱為「雙階理論，(Zweistufentheorie)」。對於政府採購法之雙階理論，本文將針對前階段的公法性質和履約階段的私法性質進行深入探討並詳細說明。
在履約階段的爭議處理方面，本文專注於研究「訴訟外紛爭解決機制」，尤其以「Alternative Dispute Resolution（ADR）」之仲裁制度為焦點。儘管仲裁制度具有時效性、經濟性，且其裁決與法院判決具有同等效力，但政府機關對此制度卻存在不信任的情況。為此，本文將整合公共工程委員會函釋、法務部函釋、法院判決或裁定、國內學術論文，並參考國際商務仲裁模範法（Uncitral Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration），以檢視國內仲裁制度的法規不合宜之處，並提出未來修訂的建議。
透過深入的研究與法規檢討，期望能夠增進政府機關對於仲裁制度的信任，同時提出的修訂建議有助於更有效地處理政府採購履約階段的爭議，促進公共工程的順利進行。
The Government Procurement Act plays a crucial role in the execution of public works procurement by government agencies, embodying both public law and private law characteristics. In the pre-procurement stage of the Act, such as invitation to tender, the evaluation of tender and award of contracts, it falls under the realm of public law. Conversely, disputes arising during the performance phase are addressed through remedies based on civil law, demonstrating private law characteristics. This legal framework is commonly referred to as the " Zwistufentheorie."
This article delves into the dual-stage theory of the Government Pro-curement Act, providing in-depth exploration and detailed explanations re-garding the public law nature in the pre-procurement stage and the private law nature in the performance stage.
Concerning dispute resolution in the performance stage, this article fo-cuses on the study of "Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)," particularly emphasizing the arbitration system. Despite the time efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and equal enforceability of arbitral awards and court judgments, government agencies exhibit a lack of trust in this system. To ad-dress this, the article integrates interpretations from the Public Construction Commission, legal opinions from the Ministry of Justice, court judgments or rulings, domestic academic theses, and references the Uncitral Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration. This comprehensive approach aims to examine inadequacies in the domestic arbitration system's regulations and propose recommendations for future amendments.
Through in-depth research and regulatory review, the aim is to enhance trust in the arbitration system among government agencies. Simultaneously, the proposed amendments are expected to contribute to more effectively han-dling disputes during the government procurement performance stage, facili-tating the smooth progress of public works projects." |
