| 摘要: | 隨著數位與科技的快速發展，各行各業都需要不停地更新工作之專業知識 與技能，企業對於在職進修（或工作相關之訓練）的重要性日益顯現，然而， 這個領域之研究目前受到抽樣範圍與研究時間等因素的限制，較缺乏對在職者 持續參訓行為的了解。本文基於在職進修的時代背景，在此基礎上採用了文獻 分析法，首先對參訓行為相關理論進行廣泛搜尋與整理，接著引用家庭動態調 查(PSFD)長期追蹤調查資料庫的問卷進行再分析，採用該資料庫之第十一年計 畫(RR2009)，擷取此次調查之「人格特質」題項，以及本研究當下，資料庫最 新釋出之三年度調查結果，分別為第十六年計畫(RR2016)、第十七年計畫 (RR2018)與 2020追蹤問卷(RR2020)之資料，一共四年度問卷進行資料串連與整 理，樣本數共 1008 筆進行統計，此外，本研究的部分分析條件為「有進修者」， 因此進一步篩選後 2016年度樣本數共 164筆、2018年度共 156筆、2020年度 共 150 筆，對我國在職者個人背景變項、人格特質與參訓行為等變項展開研究， 意圖了解三者變項間之關係，本文運用 SPSS統計軟體做描述性統計、卡方分 析、獨立樣本 t檢定、單因子變異數分析、Pearson相關分析以及迴歸分析等資 料分析方法，得出研究結論如下：
一、 我國在職者有因為工作發展而參與進修之比例較低，其中有參與進修者之 參訓時數以 20小時以下之比例最高，參訓強度以低度為多。
二、 我國在職者之年齡、婚姻狀況、職業與教育程度皆與有無進修具相依關聯 性，職業對有無進修之影響部分達顯著，教育程度對有無進修具有正向影 響力。
三、 我國在職且有進修者年齡與參訓時數具顯著負相關關係；教育程度與參訓 時數呈顯著正相關關係；教育程度與參訓時數具顯著正向影響力。
四、 我國在職者之不同年齡、教育程度、職業以及婚姻狀況對於參訓強度有顯 著差異。有進修者年齡與參訓強度呈顯著負相關，且具顯著負向影響力； 教育程度與參訓強度呈顯著正相關，且具顯著正向影響力。
五、 友善性、神經質、開放性人格特質與有無進修呈顯著正向影響，嚴謹性人格特質與有無進修呈顯著負向影響；開放性人格特質與參訓時數具正相關， 且有顯著正向影響。
依研究結論提出相關管理意涵與建議，供我國在職者、企業、政府及後續 研究者參考之。
In the era of rapid digital and technological advancements, individuals from all walks of life must continuously update their professional knowledge and skills. The importance of in-service training for companies is becoming increasingly clear. However, research in this area is currently limited by factors such as sample size and duration of the study, which has a lack of understanding of whether the incumbent has continuous training behavior. This article uses a literature review approach based on the in-service training context. It first conducts extensive research and collates related theories of training behavior, then cites the Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) Long-Term Follow-up Database Questionnaire to reanalyze. For this research, the 'personality traits' item from the RR2009 questionnaire in the database was extracted, along with the most recent three-year survey results available at the time of the study, namely, RR2016, RR2018, and RR2020. These four years' worth of questionnaire data were concatenated and collated for analysis. A total of 1,008 samples were included for statistical analysis. Additionally, certain analysis conditions in this study focused on individuals with advanced training. After applying further screening, the number of samples for the years 2016, 2018, and 2020 were 164, 156, and 150, respectively. To conduct research on variables such as personal background variables, personality traits, and training behaviors of incumbents in my country, in order to understand the relationship between the three variables, this paper uses SPSS statistical software to do descriptive statistics descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, Independent Sample t-test, One-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis, the research results are as follows:
1. Taiwan's percentage of employees participating in advanced training due to job development is relatively low. Among them, those who participated in advanced training had the highest percentage of training hours under 20 hours, and training intensity was generally low.
2. In Taiwan, the age, marital status, occupation, and education level of incumbents are all interconnected with the likelihood of having advanced training. Particularly, occupation plays a significant role in determining whether incumbent has advanced training, and a higher education level positively influences the likelihood of having advanced training.
3. There is a significant negative correlation between the age of incumbents and the number of training hours; there is a significant positive correlation between education level and training hours; education level and the number of hours of training had a significant positive effect.
4. Incumbents show notable variations in the intensity of training based on their age, education level, occupation, and marital status. There is a significant negative correlation between the age of individuals who undergo advanced training and the intensity of their training, indicating a diminishing trend with increasing age. Conversely, education level exhibits a significant positive correlation with the intensity of training, suggesting that individuals with higher education levels tend to receive more intensive training.
5. The personality traits of agreeableness, neuroticism, and openness exhibit a significant positive influence on whether individuals attend training, while the personality trait of conscientiousness has a notable negative impact on advanced training participation. Specifically, individuals with more open personality traits tend to have a positive correlation with the number of training hours, indicating a significant positive influence on their training engagement.
Based on the research conclusions, relevant management implications and suggestions are put forward for the reference of incumbents, enterprises, governments, and follow-up researchers in Taiwan. |
