台灣產假制度之研究：以母性保護為核心

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Title:	台灣產假制度之研究：以母性保護為核心 Research on maternity leave system in Taiwan: focusing on maternity protection
Authors:	蔡月恒
Contributors:	勞動暨人力資源學系
Keywords:	母性保護產假制度女性勞動權益 Maternity protection Maternity leave Women's Labor Rights
Date:	2024
Issue Date:	2024-03-21 14:10:45 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	本研究的目的在以台灣的產假制度為例，探討母性保護理論在職場實際應用的情況以及可能存在的問題和挑戰。產假制度是勞工權益和母性保護政策，儘管台灣的產假制度經過多次修正，透過分析國際組織文獻可發現，仍存在可改進之處。因此，本研究的重要目標在於探討如何使台灣的產假制度與國際標準接軌，同時確保母性保護在相同勞動條件下的實現。本研究將從母性保護的定義和內涵入手，討論母性保護在產假制度中的重要性。母性保護應該是產假制度的核心，旨在防止產前、產中和產後的危害，確保母親和孩子的健康和安全，這可以透過法律、政策和文化等多方面的保護來實現，包括增加了父親陪產檢及陪產假等相關福利，然而，產假制度仍然存在著一系列問題，例如產假時間過短、懷孕歧視等。這些問題不僅影響了母親和家庭的權益，也不利社會經濟發展。透過國際比較以及深度訪談，探討我國女性勞動參與增加趨勢，對工作和家庭平衡所產生的挑戰，提出以下建議：一、延長產假時間以符合國際標準；二、放寬陪產假適用範圍，考慮多元家庭結構；三、強化法規執行力度，確保法規實際落實；四、提升企業社會責任，提供更友善的工作環境；五、推動性別平等公共意識教育，改變對女性的印象。期望這些建議能夠協助政府制定更全面的母性保護政策，促進工作和家庭平衡的實現，同時對於提升女性在職場的地位和促進社會平等發展具有積極的影響。 The purpose of this study is to explore the practical application of maternity protection theory in the workplace, as well as the possible problems and chal-lenges, taking Taiwan's maternity leave system as an example. Although Taiwan's maternity leave system has been revised many times, an analysis of the literature of international organizations shows that there are still areas for improvement. Therefore, an important objective of this study is to explore how to bring Tai-wan's maternity leave system in line with international standards, while ensuring that maternity protection is achieved under the same working conditions. This study will start with the definition and connotation of maternity protec-tion, and discuss the importance of maternity protection in the maternity leave system. Maternity protection should be at the heart of the maternity leave system, aiming to prevent harm before, during and after childbirth, and to ensure the health and safety of mothers and children, which can be achieved through legal, policy and cultural protections, including the addition of paternity check-ups and paternity leave and other related benefits. These problems not only affect the rights and interests of mothers and families, but also contribute to so-cio-economic development. Through international comparisons and in-depth interviews, this paper ex-plores the challenges of increasing female labor participation and work-family balance in China, and puts forward the following suggestions: 1) extend the du-ration of maternity leave to meet international standards, 2) relax the scope of paternity leave and consider the pluralistic family structure, 3) strengthen the enforcement of laws and regulations to ensure the actual implementation of laws and regulations, 4) enhance corporate social responsibility and provide a more friendly working environment, and 5) promote gender equality public awareness education to change the impression of women. It is expected that these recom-mendations will assist the government in formulating more comprehensive ma-ternity protection policies, promote the realization of work-family balance, and have a positive impact on improving the status of women in the workplace and promoting social equality.
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