| 摘要: | 研究目的：本研究旨在熱身階段透過慣性收縮引起活化後增能作用 (post-activation potentiation, PAP) 對柔道運動員的肌肉力量 [包含最大等長肌力和分段發力率 (rate-of-force development, RFD)] 和柔道專項表現之影響。研究方法：8名大專柔道運動員 (年齡20 ± 1.60歲、身高176 ± 11.82公分、體重88 ± 24.38公斤) 在熱身階段分別執行一般性的柔道熱身 (Judo) 處理或慣性收縮結合柔道熱身 (K+J) 處理，隨後即評估對柔道運動員在肌肉力量及柔道專項表現的影響。統計處理以相依樣本t檢定考驗不同熱身方式對柔道運動員分別在血乳酸值、運動自覺強度 (rate of perceived exertion, RPE)、肌肉力量及專項運動測驗之差異。結果：本研究於實驗處理後，發現血乳酸於K + J處理 (3.25 ± 0.65) 後明顯高於柔道熱身處理 (2.14 ± 0.52，p = .037)。但RPE在熱身處理間並無顯著差異。研究結果顯示K+J處理後在隨後力量峰值 (K+J 處理 vs. 柔道熱身處理：3329.02 ± 750.82 vs. 3052.25 ± 692.48, N/s, p = .004) 和力量相對值 (K+J 處理 vs. 柔道熱身處理：38.48 ± 5.06值vs. 35.20 ± 4.41 N/s, p = .003) 均優於柔道熱身處理，但在力量平均值和柔道專項測驗的投擲數和投擲效率指標皆無顯著差異。結論：慣性收縮結合柔道熱身不會提升自覺疲勞感受，但會提升熱身後血乳酸值，可能具有活化後增能作用之效果。採用K+J熱身後可提升柔道運動員的肌肉力量表現，在專項柔道測驗仍可維持運動表現但並沒有明顯助益，可能因測驗方式與運動員的專項動作技術有關。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of post-activation potentiation (PAP) induced by inertia contraction during warm-up on muscle strength [including maximum isometric muscle strength and rate-of-force development (RFD)] and how does it impact the specialized performance for judo athletes. Methods: We recruited 8 judo athletes (age: 20 ± 1.60 yrs, height: 176 ± 11.82 cm, weight: 88 ± 24.38 kg) from college students. In the warm-up phase, all participants were subjected to practice the Judo warm-up treatment (labelled as Judo) or inertia contraction combined with Judo warm-up treatment (labelled as K+J), and then the impact on the muscle strength and specific judo performance of the judo athletes was evaluated. Statistical processing was carried out by dependent sample t-test to test the difference of maximum isometric muscle strength, power generation rate and specific exercise test of judo athletes with different warm-up methods. Results: It was found that the peak strength (3329.02 ± 750.82 vs. 3052.25 ± 692.48, N/s，p =.004) and relative strength (3329.02 ± 750.82 vs. 3052.25 ± 692.48, N/s，p =.003) after the intervention of inertia contraction combined with the judo warm-up treatment were better than those after the judo warm-up treatment, but there was no significant effect on the average strength, the number of throws and the heart rate of the judo special test. Conclusion: The results of our test showed that inertia contraction combined with judo warm-up will not cause additional burden to judo athletes during warm up phase, but will increase the production of blood lactic acid, which means it has the possibility to induce the PAP. After K+J warm up, the muscle strength performance of judo athletes were improved, and the athletic performance can still be maintained in the special judo test, but there is no significant benefit, which may be related to the test method and the special movement technique of athletes. |
