| 摘要: | 近年，全球對淨零轉型、碳排放等減碳共識促使各國間陸續推出各項與氣候相關的法規，銀行參與氣候變遷相關議題，對其績效影響如何？成為重要研究議題。因此，本研究將探討當銀行落實社會(S)與治理(G)活動後，其對於氣候變遷議題之參與、碳揭露分數與銀行效率之關聯。
本研究以歐洲國家銀行為例，研究期間為2016年至2021年，使用資料包絡分析法(Data Envelopment Analysis, DEA)求出銀行之效率，接著建立縱橫資料(Panel Data)Tobit迴歸模型。實證結果發現，當銀行參與氣候行動集體承諾、全球報告倡議組織、責任銀行原則、氣候相關財務揭露等議題與碳揭露分數高時會降低銀行效率。接著，探討銀行社會、治理活動與銀行對上述議題的參與度之交互作用下對銀行效率之關係，在社會與氣候變遷議題的交叉項為顯著正相關，顯示出當銀行積極從事社會活動時，反使參與氣候變遷議題對效率產生正面影響；同樣地，在治理與氣候變遷議題的交叉項亦為顯著正相關，顯示出當銀行從事治理活動時，可以提升參與氣候變遷議題對效率之影響。
In recent years, the global consensus on net-zero transition and carbon reduction has led to the introduction of various climate-related laws and regulations in various countries.. The issue of bank participation in climate change has become an important research issue. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between banks' participation in climate change issues, their carbon disclosure scores, and their efficiency in implementing social (S) and governance (G) activities.
In this study, we take European national banks as an example and use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to find out the efficiency of banks during the period from 2016 to 2021, and then establishes a panel data Tobit regression model to investigate the extent of banks' participation in climate change issues, the relationship between carbon disclosure and efficiency.The empirical results show that banks' efficiency is reduced when they are involved in issues such as Collective Commitment to Climate Action(CCCA), Global Reporting Initiative(GRI), Principles for Responsible Banking(PRB), Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures(TCFD), and high carbon disclosure scores. Next, the interaction between banks' social and governance activities and banks' participation in the above issues is examined. The cross-tabulation of social and climate change issues is significantly positively correlated, which shows that when banks are actively engaged in social activities, their participation in climate change issues has a positive impact on their efficiency; similarly, the cross-tabulation of governance and climate change issues is significantly positively correlated, which shows that when banks are engaged in governance activities, their participation in climate change issues has a positive impact on their efficiency. |
