| 摘要: | 研究目的：分析探討下肢阻力訓練的介入，對於複合弓射箭選手之平衡能力、下肢肌群肌力與射箭運動表現的影響。研究方法：本研究受試者有19位 (13男6女) 射箭訓練比賽經驗超過三年的複合弓射箭選手，本研究實驗將分為前測與後測，每次測驗分為三個部分進行。測驗分別為 一、50公尺射箭15支成績與射箭平衡測驗：進行測驗前給予受試者3趟調整練習，測驗時每趟2分鐘射3支箭，測驗5趟共15支箭，受試者射箭時皆站立於足底壓力測量板上；二、單腳開眼閉眼平衡測驗：先調查受試者射箭時之前腳與後腳，再分別進行前腳、後腳的開眼、閉眼15秒單腳平衡能力測驗； 三、下肢肌力測驗：使用手持式肌力測量器測量受試者髖外展、髖內收、足蹠屈、背屈的力量。前測完成後進行為期8週的彈力帶下肢阻力訓練、每週3次、每次2組共4個動作，分別針對髖關節外展內收肌群、足蹠屈背屈進行下肢肌力訓練，再進行後測，後測項目與上述之前測測驗項目相同。研究結果：經過8週彈力帶下肢阻力訓練後，在射箭15支測驗方面，後測相較前測提升了運動表現射箭成績、瞄準穩定性、減少瞄準時間、後腳重心偏移面積減少；單腳開閉眼平衡能力方面，後腳閉眼重心偏移面積減少；下肢肌力測驗方面，除後腳踝蹠屈未達顯著差異外，其他肌力測驗皆達顯著提升。結論：射箭選手進行本研究所設計之彈力帶下肢阻力訓練能夠增加下肢肌力與平衡能力，有助於增加射箭瞄準穩定性、減少瞄準時間，並提升射箭運動表現。
Purpose: To analyze and explore the intervention of lower limb muscle strength training on the balance ability, lower limb muscle strength and archery performance of compound bow archers. Methods: 19 subjects (13 males and 6 females) who are compound bow archers with more than three years of archery training and competition experience. This research experiment will be divided into pre-test and post-test, each test is divided into three parts conduct. The tests are as follows: 1. Archery 15 arrows of 50-meter round and archery balance test: before the test, the subjects were given 3 ends of practice, and during the test, they shot 3 arrows for 2 minutes each time, and there were 15 arrows in total in 5 times of the test. All stand on the plantar pressure measuring board; 2. One-leg eye-opening and eye-closing balance test: first investigate the front foot and rear foot of the subject when they shoot, and then conduct the eye-opening and eye-closing test of the front foot and rear foot respectively for 15 seconds; 3. Lower limb muscle strength tests: Use a hand-held muscle strength measuring device to measure the strength of the subject's hip abduction, hip adduction, foot plantarflexion, and dorsiflexion. After the pre-test, the lower limb resistance training was carried out for 8 weeks, 3 times a week, 2 groups of 4 movements each time, and the lower limb muscle strength training was carried out for hip joint abduction and adduction muscles, foot plantarflexion and dorsiflexion respectively, and then post-test is conducted, the post-test items are the same as the pre-test items. Results: After 8 weeks of elastic band lower limb resistance training, the post-test results of Archery 15 arrows of 50-meter round performance, aiming stability, were improved and also reduced aiming time, reduced rear foot center of pressure offset area compared with the pre-test. In terms of One-leg eye-opening and eye-closing balance test, the center of pressure offset area of the rear foot with eyes closed is reduced; in terms of lower limb muscle strength tests, except for the plantarflexion of the rear foot, all other muscle strength tests were significantly improved. Conclusion: The lower limb resistance training with elastic band in this study can increase the muscle strength and balance ability of the lower limbs, increase the stability of aiming in full draw, reduce the aiming time, and improve the performance of archery. |
