| 摘要: | 背景：花式撞球歷經中華民國撞球總會三十年來的推展，透過全國性與國際性賽會的申辦，迅速推動國內撞球運動的發展，讓國人對撞球的陳舊印象隨著選手成績的提升而改觀，奠定我國於國際撞壇的基礎。目的：本研究主要探討柯秉中青少年時期，接受運動心理技能訓練 (Psychological Skill Training，PST) 開始，直到2019年榮登球王寶座為止，如何在現階段高強度的比賽中，利用運動心理學技能，在比賽中臨危不亂，繼續創造巔峰表現，突顯運動心理技能訓練之成果與價值。方法：透過個案研究之田野觀察法、文獻分析法、訪談法，來描述柯秉中如何應用運動心理技能訓練系統裡的：目標設定、動機、意象、覺醒水準、專注力、自我對話、放鬆、自信心等八項運動心理學技能來達到巔峰。結果：運動訓練科學化，是提高運動成績的最佳方式，心理訓練是科學化訓練重要之環節，主要與體能訓練、技術訓練、戰術訓練，共同建構現代運動訓練的完整體系。柯秉中能夠在高壓比賽裡，擁有優秀的運動表現，要歸功於運動心理技能訓練的成果與價值，由於現階段的比賽，決定勝負之關鍵要素即為優秀的心理素質。結論：透過本研究探討如何透過運動心理學技能之介入，提高心理素質，逐一化解比賽中的危機，將體能、技術、戰術做最佳的發揮，幫助選手達到顛峰表現，培育更多優秀的選手，對日後研究撞球項目與運動心理技能有很大的助益。
Background：After several decades of development, the Chinese Taipei Billiards Federation (CTBF), via national and international competitions, has gained a great progress in its development. Along with the outstanding performance of players, Taiwanese citizen changed the stereotype of pool. Purposes: The purposes of this study were to investigate an outstanding pool player- Mr. Ko, Ping-Chung’s life story about how he starts his career in teen and accepted Psychological Skill Training (PST) and became the world champion in 2019. Specifically, this study explore how he used PST in competitions and achieved his peak performance. Thus, it outlines the importance and values of the PST. Methods: This study used field observation, documentary analyses, and interview to investigate how Ko, Ping-Chung systematically use PST including goal-setting, motivation, imagery, arousal management, concentration, self-talk, relaxation and confidence to achieve peak performance. Results: It was found the scientific approach to training which is the best way to elevate performance. The PST combines with physical conditioning, technical training, and tactical training comprised modern sport training system. In many occasion, Mr. Ko, Ping-Chung uses PST to cope competition pressure so to make his outstanding in world billiards. The PST outlines the values of sport psychology and determines final competition results. Conclusions: Through this study we understand the PST enhances player’s psychological resilience and resolves crisis in competition. By doing so, it integrates the physical, tactical andstrategical strengths into best performance. The PST can be used in elite young players and facilitate research in billiards. |
