| 摘要: | 嚴重急性呼吸道症候群(Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,SARS)與 2020 年源自武漢的冠狀病毒肺炎(COVID-19,本研究以COVID-19 稱之),COVID-19 屬於冠狀病毒的呼吸系統傳染病,病毒基因與 2003 年 SARS 病毒有許多雷同之處,兩次疫病都被稱作「世紀之疫」,對台灣都造成了很大的影響。
本研究藉由語料庫分析法分析與共現網絡分析,分析「SARS」與「COVID-19」,在台灣發生首例病例後一個月《聯合報》報導,分別為 SARS 疫情 2003 年 3 月 14 日至同年 4 月 14 日,COVID-19疫情 2020 年 1 月 21 日至同年 2 月 21 日,本研究搜集報導中提到「SARS」與「COVID-19」所有報導,共蒐集到 SARS 疫情 4,188 篇、COVID-19 疫情共 1,594 篇,藉由語料庫分析法比較《聯合報》如何報導這兩次的疫情及意識形態,接著透過共現網絡分析視覺化報導中顯著詞彙的脈絡藉此分析新聞框架。
本研究選取了兩次大型疫病 SARS 與 COVID-19 初期報導進行分析,研究者想要回答主要研究問題為:媒體如何報導 SARS 與COVID-19?兩次疫情有什麼樣的差異?其中包含了哪些意識形態及框架?媒體訊息是風險傳播與建構民眾認知的管道,因此本 研究想深入了解在災難發生初期,透過質化及量化的方法了解在大型疫病初期,媒體 是如何報導及使用何種意識形態及新聞框架進行傳播。
研究結果顯示兩次疫情確實有許多差異,無論是報導的主題、消息來源、新聞框架及意識形態。在 SARS 疫情報導中的消息來源以較多元的方式展現,對於疾病的了解較陌生且缺乏明確的檢疫方法,呈現的意識形態為孤立無援的意識形態;而 COVID-19 則是較單一的消息來源及明確的防疫、檢疫措施,呈現的意識形態為團結抗疫。
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19 originated from Wuhan in 2020, COVID-19 is a respiratory infectious disease of coronavirus. The viral gene has many similarities with SARS virus in 2003. Both diseases were called "epidemic of the century", which had a great impact on Taiwan.
This study was analyzed by corpus analysis and co-occurrence network analysis, Analyzing the SARS and the COVID-19, A month after the first case in Taiwan, The SARS outbreak occurred from March 14,2003 to April 14 of the same year, COVID-19 outbreak from the 21 January 2020 to February 21 of the same year, All of the SARS and COVID-19 reports are mentioned in this study collection report, A total of 4,188 SARS outbreaks and 1,594 COVID-19 cases were collected, By comparing the corpus analysis how the two outbreaks . ideology and news framework.
In this study, news reports of the two major epidemic, SARS and COVID-19, were selected for analysis. The researcher wanted to answer the following research questions: How did the media represent and frame SARS and COVID-19? What are the differences of media reports on the two pandemics? What ideologies and frameworks are included? Media information is a pipeline for risk transmission and public cognition. Therefore, this study wants to have a deep understanding of how ideologies, ideology and news framework do the media reports and uses for transmission in the early stage of a disaster.
The results of the study show that there are indeed many differences between the two outbreaks, whether it is the subject of the report, the source of the news, the news frame and the ideology. The sources of information in the SARS epidemic report are presented in a more diverse way, with less knowledge of the disease and lack of clear quarantine methods, and the presented ideology is an ideology of isolation and helplessness; while COVID-19 is a relatively single source of information and clear epidemic prevention and quarantine measures, the ideology presented is unity to fight the epidemic. |
