一位「黑蝙蝠中隊前隊員」的個案研究 ——資深榮民生命歷程與家/國認同

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Title:	一位「黑蝙蝠中隊前隊員」的個案研究 ——資深榮民生命歷程與家/國認同 A Case Study on an Ex-member of Black Bat Squadron:The Correlation between Senior Veterans’ Life History and His Identities
Authors:	王雲波
Contributors:	國家發展與中國大陸研究所中國大陸組
Keywords:	黑蝙蝠中隊資深榮民生命歷程口述歷史國家認同社會認同 Black Bat Squadron Senior Veterans Life History Oral History Nation Identity Social Identity
Date:	2022
Issue Date:	2023-03-24 11:05:56 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	戰爭無論發生於何時都是人類的災難，戰爭是零和遊戲，戰爭無贏家、和平無輸家，戰爭不論結果為何都是引起社會變遷的主要因素。二十世紀前中葉，國共內戰國府遷臺是產生資深榮民的直接原因。國民黨政府於臺灣實施戒嚴與軍事管制政策，國民黨政府工作人員與來自大陸地區的國軍部隊官兵，承受與親人長達三十九年的隔絕，他們人生軌跡、思想以及情感也發生改變。本研究主要研究資深榮民的生命歷程是為了對因戰爭而留存的記憶中，對其家、國/民族以及社會認同為何。本論文以資深榮民兼具黑蝙蝠中隊身份的朱繼岱先生為個案研究，運用生命歷程研究取向，採口述歷史深度訪談為主要研究方法，輔以歷史文獻資料與田野調查法進行研究。從資深榮民朱繼岱先生少兒階段，發生的抗日戰爭，少年時期國共內戰後期離開家鄉加入國軍，跟隨國軍部隊退守台灣，加入黑蝙蝠中隊，調離軍職輾轉與老家取得聯絡，到他離開家鄉四十五年後回到故鄉，退休後往返兩岸居住時之感受及返回臺灣長期居住之整個生命歷程，作了詳盡詮釋。以此論證生命歷程理論在社會巨大變遷中對個體的社會生活所產生社會影響，論證社會變遷對個體的家、國（民族）與社會認同之間相關聯之原因。家、國（民族）與社會認同三者之間是緊密相連，資深榮民久居臺灣，老家鄉有養育自己的土地與親人，「根」在大陸，在居住地的台灣組建家庭養育子女，居住地的生活習慣與風俗民情深刻影響著他們。血濃於水，兩岸都是家，兩岸都有親人，兩岸和平相處表達資深榮民朱繼岱先生與大陸人民血脈相連的親情關係。 War, a zero-sum game, represents disaster in anytime. Namely, war brings no winners and peace brings no losers. No matter the result of the war, it is the main factor of social change. For instance, in 1940’s to 1950’s, the relocation of the government of Republic of China due to Chinese Civil War is the immediate cause of the generation of senior veterans. Kuomintang in Taiwan applied the policies of martial law and military control. Thus, the public servants and the military officers and soldiers who followed Kuomintang from Mainland China afforded the isolation from their families over 39 years. This is a turning point of their lives and thus changed their thoughts and feelings. According to the above history, this thesis is to research what senior veterans’ life history and their family, nation, and society identity affected by the memories of the war. The thesis applied the case study of a senior veteran (Mr. Zhu) who is an ex-member of the Black Bat Squadron. As for methodology, the research approach is life history and the research methods are oral history and in-depth interview. Besides, this thesis also applied the historical and field research literature. This thesis gives an interpretation of the Mr. Zhu’s life history based on his feeling since his childhood, Counter-Japanese War, Chinese Civil War, relocation of the government of Republic of China, Black Bat Squadron period, change career form military, recontacting with the native land, going back to the native land after the isolation over 40 or 50 years, retire, living across the straight and going back and long staying in Taiwan. Mr. Zhu’s life history verifies the life history theory and the connection between significant social changes and individuals’ family, nation, and social identity. Namely, the individuals’ life and their social lives affected by the significant social changes. In summary, family, nation, and social identity are overall connected. Senior veterans live in Taiwan for a long time.However, there are families who cared themselves in their native land and thus their root is in Mainland China. They hell the family and bring up children. The local culture and lifestyle deeply affected them. For their cognition, both Taiwan and Mainland China are their native land. There are families in both places. The peace across the straight represents people (Mr. Zhu is one of them) in Taiwan and Mainland China are born to the breed.
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