在1949年兩岸分治之後，中國銀行的海外分行一直是國共雙方爭取的目標之一，究竟海外分支行處和相關資產歸屬於臺北還是北京的中國銀行，得視當地政府的政治傾向而定。因此，設有中國銀行分支行處的國家，與誰建交幾乎就決定了該分支行歸誰所有。在1971年，中華民國退出聯合國之後，為避免國際局勢的影響，導致喪失中國銀行的海外分支機構，決定將中國銀行進行改制和改名。中國銀行的招牌悠久招牌雖然重要，但在國際情勢險峻的狀況下，不得已只好捨棄「名」以保住「實」，為後來發展國際貿易和匯集僑資，留有重要的接洽窗口。中國銀行的案例也反映出中華民國在與邦交國的關係生變時，該運用何種方式以保住在外資產，為後來的政府提供參考。
After the Republic of China (ROC) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) reached a stalemate across the Taiwan Strait in 1949, Kuomintang and the Communist Party are always striving for the Bank of China overseas branches, the overseas branches and related assets belong to Taipei or Beijing's BOC, depends on the political orientation of the local government. Therefore, the country establishment of diplomatic relations with whom almost determines who owns the branch. After the ROC withdrew from the United Nations in 1971, to avoid the influence of the international situation, caused the loss of BOC overseas branches, government of the ROC restructure and rename the Bank of China. BOC has a long history, but under the precarious international situation, the government have no choice but to do as a last resort, leave important contact space to develop international trade and gather overseas Chinese capital. when the ROC's relationship with diplomatic countries changed, the case of BOC can let us know the best method to safeguard overseas assets, provide government as a reference.
