| 摘要: | 自社區總體營造政策的提出，到推行地方創生政策已過了二十多年，期間政府部會配合政策也推動了許多青年參與的計畫，鼓勵青年將觀點、專長、熱情與創意轉為實際參與，協助社區活化及發展。本研究透過教育部青年發展署所推動之「青年社區參與行動計畫」，分別以政策、關係、資源、反饋、永續五個面向，佐以文獻分析與深度訪談方法，了解計畫執行的主題與區域差異，以及青年參與者實踐的過程與影響。研究發現，社區營造的案例與資源，在不同空間尺度上有離散與集中的現象。青年作為中間世代，在社區中擁有帶動上下兩個世代的能力，透過代間關係的發展，有助於擴大社區參與。無論進入社區的契機為何，青年透過實際參與，培養對社會的責任感與使命感，進一步帶動社區串連，展現公共參與的價值。然而在推動計畫的過程中，青年參與社區事務感覺最困難的地方，在於與審查委員和業師間的溝通。另外政府給予過少的資源，則是青年無法在社區永續經營的最大原因。最後，社區永續經營的理念與作為，需要經過時間及經驗的累積，無法一蹴可幾。基於研究發現，本研究提出相關政策建議，例如政府應增設一定比例的青年委員與調整業師制度、建立系統性的反應管道，供青年作為溝通途徑、針對地方基礎資源盤點與資訊整合，可透過公部門資源進行，並將尺度縮小至鄰里間，減少資源重疊及浪費的情況。
From ‘community development’ to ‘regional revitalization’, it has been more than twenty years since Taiwanese government begun to promote relevant policies. Among these policies, some of them particularly aim at involving young people and increasing their participation by encouraging young people to transform their opinions, expertise, enthusiasm and creativity into actions which hopefully would assist the activation and development of local communities. This research is based on the ‘Youth Changemaker Community Participation Action Plan’ promoted by the Youth Development Agency of the Ministry of Education. Young people’s experiences of carrying out their proposed plans are analyzed from five aspects which include policy, relationship, resources, feedback, and sustainability. By adopting the methods of document analysis and in-depth interview, this dissertation aims to explore the theme and regional differences of proposed plans by young people as well as the process and the impact brought by young participants. The research findings reveal that there are differences in funding cases and distributing resources at different scales. As an intermediate generation, young people have the ability to bring the elder and younger generations together in the community, and to expand community participation through the creation of intergenerational interaction. Young people cultivate a sense of responsibility and mission through actual participation, further promote community connection, and demonstrate the value of public participation. However, the most difficult issue mentioned by youth people is to communicate with the members of evaluation committee and the professional instructors. Also, the lack of government's sufficient resources is the biggest reason why young people cannot sustain their involvement in community development. Lastly, it is important to acknowledge that the practices of creating and managing sustainable communities require the accumulation of time and experience. At the end of this dissertation, practical suggestions are proposed. The government should involve young people as part of the evaluation committees, adjust instructor system, and establish a systematic response channel for young people to provide their feedback. Also, governmental departments need to take an active role in investigating and integrating local resources, in particular to provide information gathered at local scale to avoid the problem of giving too many resources to certain communities and ignoring the other communities. |
