隨女性教育程度提高、勞動市場結構改變，夫妻皆投入職場發展、追求自我成就與自我實現的「雙生涯家庭」比例大幅提升，不論是男性或女性都需要肩負著工作和家庭上的多重角色，對家庭生活型態就造成了很大的衝擊，夫妻在家庭內角色的分工也隨之產生了變化、需要重新做調整。本研究旨在以家庭生命週期的觀點，來瞭解雙生涯家庭夫妻在家庭動態歷程中的家庭角色分工與調適情況。本研究邀請到五對家中育有學齡期兒童以上的夫妻，進行半結構式深度訪談，並經主題分析歸納得到下列三大主題與八個子題：一、家庭角色分工，隨家庭擴張軌跡而調整：家務分工隨家庭擴張而調整；親職角色在學齡前後分工差異大；孩子出生是夫妻角色的關鍵轉換。二、夫妻是家庭合夥人，決策分工講適才與適性：秉持相互尊重，家庭決策誰決定都好；家庭娛樂夫妻間彈性安排；對外社交方式婚前婚後無不同。三、以彈性原則為依據，合力因應家庭生活所需：家務分工共同承擔，保持家務分工的彈性；長輩的健康狀況攸關照顧雙親角色投入的心力。最後，根據本研究之發現，提出對雙生涯家庭夫妻、家庭教育機構，以及婚姻或家庭研究者的建議。
With women obtaining higher levels of education and the changing structure of the labor market, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of dual-career families, in which both husband and wife are devoted to career development and pursue self-accomplishment and self-realization. Both men and women must play multiple roles in their work and family lives, which greatly impacts family lifestyle. The division of labor between spouses within a family has been changing and requires re-adjustment. This study sought to understand spouses' role division and adjustment in the dynamic family processes of dual-career families from a family life cycle perspective. Five couples with school-aged or older children were invited to undergo semi-structured, in-depth interviews. The following three main themes and eight sub-themes were derived through thematic analysis. 1. The division of family roles was adjusted according to the trajectory of family expansion: The division of household tasks was adjusted as the family expanded. The division of parenting roles and responsibilities varied vastly before and after children became school age. In addition, the birth of a child was a key transition in the roles of husband and wife. 2. Husband and wife were partners in the family, and the division of responsibility in decision-making emphasized skills and personality. Adhering to mutual respect, family decisions made by either party were equally important. Family entertainment was arranged flexibly considering both husband and wife. There was no difference in their social lives before and after marriage. 3. Based on the principle of flexibility, husband and wife worked together to meet the family's daily needs: Household tasks were shared to maintain flexible division of labor. The health status of older family members was greatly related to the effort invested in caring for them. Finally, based on the findings of this study, recommendations were made for couples in dual-career families, as well as for home education institutions and researchers in the fields of marriage and family studies.
