過肩投擲的出手速度是許多相關競技運動致勝的關鍵之一，除了多關節協調配合的動作技術外，肌肉能力的強化對於提升投擲工作表現甚為重要。本文回顧過肩投擲與肌力測量的實證性研究，說明肩關節繞縱軸旋轉是過肩投擲運動的複雜肩關節工作特徵。肩關節旋內的高速等速肌力評估較為接近實際投擲動作形式，可是最大肌肉等速力矩與射門出手球速相關值略低，難以區辨運動技術水平；藥球投擲、舉重訓練等課程都可以改善投擲的出手速度。握力攸關手球傳球與射門的動作操作，而有優秀手球運動員握力較大的情況。投擲動作牽涉人體多個關節的工作，要簡化以單關節、單運動平面的肌力測量進行評估，仍存在著許多限制威脅其效度。
The release velocity of ball is a critical factor to win games in many overhead throw related sports. In addition to the multi-segments coordinated movement technique, it is important to reinforcement the muscular strength to achieve the excellent task of throw. This study explicates the shoulder is a complicated rotational movement about a longitudinal axis to perform the overhead throw through the approach of literature review. The isokinetic strength assessment of shoulder internal rotation under the condition of high speed was close to the pattern of throwing task practically, but the correlations between the peak isokinetic torques and ball-throwing velocity were less critically low to tell the differences among levels. The medicine ball or weightlifting in training programs could improve ball-throwing velocity effectively. The grip strength relevant to the handball, which can be manipulated for throwing and passing, was higher in elite handball players. The limitations and the threats to validity for the strength assessment of single joint or cardinal plane reductively existed because the overhead throw was a task involving multi-joints of human body.
