| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討澳門長者的老化態度、社會支持和成功老化的相關性。本研究以問卷調查法的方式，透過實地進行問卷調查，收集相關的資料，作分析和討論的依據。另外，亦透過文獻探討的方式，收集不同的資料來源，加以整理、歸納與分析。
根據研究發現，本研究獲得的結論，如下：
一、性別、年齡及居住狀況與老化態度有密切關係
二、健康狀況及居住狀況對社會支持有密切關係
三、健康狀況、經濟狀況及居住狀況對成功老化有密切關係
四、老化態度越高、社會支持越高，皆有助於提高長者成功老化
五、澳門長者的老化態度普遍較高
六、澳門長者的社會支持度普遍較高
根據上述研究結果，本研究為研究對象及未來研究者作出建議，如下：
一、研究對象之建議：
(一)建立具規模的健康資料庫
(二)加強退休規劃的服務
(三)增設義工就家居修繕的培訓
(四)提升市民大眾及長者對資訊接觸的便捷度
(五)鼓勵長者持續或再就業
二、未來研究者之參考
(一)研究對象
建議往後研究者在研究對象上，可擴展到全澳的層面，到更多的社會服務機構和其他地方，例如：頤康中心、社區中心、聯誼會以至公眾圖書館等，以便能尋找更多的長者進行資料收集，令研究結果更為全面和完善。
(二)問卷調查
本研究採用問卷調查法，探討長者的老化態度、社會支持與成功老化的關係。研究者建議未來開展此項議題的研究，工作人員與長者的比例可盡量提高，以減低因未能了解題義而出現的誤差，從而獲得更全面、更深入的資料。
In this Century, The Development of Medical and Information Technology are very rapidly. People can easily access the information through the Internet. People's knowledge, beliefs and lifestyles about health are becoming more positive. Many studies have also pointed out that people’s life expectancy is increasing. It takes longer for the elderly to enter the aging stage after retirement. How to maintain a positive aging attitude and obtain sufficient social support to achieve a higher degree of success in the aging stage is very important.
This study aims to explore the correlation between aging attitudes, social support and successful aging of the elderly in Macau. In this study, the questionnaire survey method was used to conduct field surveys to collect relevant data for analysis and discussion. In addition, through the method of literature discussion, different data sources are collected, sorted, summarized and analyzed.
Base on the findings, the conclusions of this study are as follows:
1.Gender, age and living conditions are closely related to aging attitudes.
2.Health and living conditions are closely related to social support.
3.Health status, economic status and housing status are closely related to
successful aging.
4.The higher of the aging attitude and the higher of the social support, both
can help to improve the success of aging.
5.The aging attitude of the elderly in Macau is generally higher
6.The social support of the elderly in Macau is generally higher
Based on the findings, this study provides some suggestions for research objects and future researchers, as follows:
1.Suggestions for research objects:
(1)Establish a database of Health
(2)Strengthen retirement planning services
(3)Set up more volunteer training on home improvement
(4)Set up a convenient way for the public and the elderly to access the information
(5)Encourage the elderly to continue or re-employ
2.Reference for future researchers
(1)Research object
Due to the limitations of manpower, resources, and time, as well as the new coronavirus outbreak encountered during the research process, related epidemic prevention measures have imposed strict epidemic prevention restrictions on researchers and elderly service units. The questionnaire survey carried out has brought a certain impact.
Therefore, this study can only visit t four social service units and streets to conduct questionnaire surveys with the Research object.
Based on this research, it is suggested that future researchers can expand their research to more social service organizations and other places, such as: health centers, community centers, social clubs and public libraries. In this way, more elders can be found for data collection, which will help to understand the relationship between elders’ aging attitudes, social support and successful aging, and make the research results more comprehensively.
(2)Questionnaire survey
This study uses a questionnaire survey method to explore the relationship between aging attitudes, social support and successful aging of the elderly. This questionnaire was mainly completed by the research object, other people also answered in the same space.
In addition, some elders with poor comprehension and eyesight were asked to explain the meaning of the question by the researcher or staff when they answered the question. However, due to manpower problems, they could not match the ideal staff to elder ratio.
Therefore, it is recommended to carry out research on this topic in the future. The ratio of staff to the elderly can be increased as much as possible to reduce the error caused by the failure to understand the meaning of the topic, so as to obtain more comprehensive and in-depth information. |
