| 摘要: | 懸鉤子為Rosales 薔薇目、Rosaceae 薔薇科、Rubus 懸鉤子屬，多年生常綠型灌木，本草綱目紀載於卷十八 草之七 蔓草類，「釋名」沿鉤子（《日用》）、莓（《日華》）。「氣味」酸，平，無毒。根、皮「氣味」苦，平，無毒。「主治」醒酒，止渴，祛痰，解毒。治痛風，丹毒，遺精。果實為全株經濟價值最高部位，可鮮食或加工為果汁、果醬等產品。覆盆子（Raspberry）、黑莓（Blackberry）與露莓（Dewberry）皆為同屬植物，但莓果果實汁液產品在市場價格遠高於其它果汁液產品。在國外也有許多文獻報導，覆盆子果實具有多種機能性功效，如：抗氧化、美白、加速皮膚傷口癒合與抗癌等。但目前少有關於台灣產懸鉤子果實的食用性與藥用性等經濟價值之研究，且國內對於相關調查與成份分析的研究發表甚少。但野外的懸鉤子果實常無人採收，國內同為懸鉤子屬的覆盆子果實又皆為進口，其果實脆弱且保存期限短，並且容易被微生物感染，降低其果實品質和活性，影響其營養價值。本研究以台灣產懸鉤子不同品種的果實為材料，探討其不同品種間抗氧化能力 (DPPH、螯合亞鐵離子、氧化價還原力)及抗氧化成份的變化，並藉由ICP-MASS檢測其是否含有人體所需金屬元素與環境有害重金屬殘留，評估台灣產懸鉤子，其營養成分用於保健功效的可能性。進而評估其是否適合推廣至園藝栽培與產業生產。
Raspberry, Blackberry and Dewberry belong to the same genus Rubus. Rubus fruits possess very high economic value, because they can be provided as fresh fruit and can be processed into juice, jam and other products. The main producing area for these Rubus berries now is in the middle and southern Europe and also in the northern America; however, there are many wild Rubus species found to distribute in Taiwan’s countryside. We collected the Rubus fruits and also their whole plants in Nantou countryside, four Rubus species were found and identified. They were Rubus corchorifolius L. f., Rubus alnifoliolatus Levl., Rubus croceacanthus Lévl., and Rubus sumatranus. Their fruits were used to analyze the metal contents. No heavy metal (Cu, Hg, Cd, Pb, As) was found to accumulate in the fruit of these four Rubus species, but these fruits were found to be rich in potassium and some essential trace elements, including zinc and iron, but less content in sodium. The content suggested that Taiwan Rubus grown in wild did not be influenced by metal pollution and could be a good new source of raspberry fruit. Further experiments demonstrated Taiwan Rubus possessed similar nutraceutical functions as many literatures reported on the western raspberry and black berry with strong antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging activity. Analyses of more functional effects are still undergoing, such as whitening, anti-cancer and anti-virus effects. Taiwan Rubus would be the new favorite horticultural fruit, like strawberry, because it is suitable to plant in Taiwan and has a good taste for fresh fruits and processed products. |
