| 摘要: | 背景：保齡球運動比賽當中選手心理狀態調整是非常重要的關鍵，選手們在實力差不多的競爭情況下，最後能將勝負分出的因素，通常來自於心理素質、情緒、壓力等，然而這些因素會干擾心跳率及呼吸頻率，進而影響選手的運動表現。目的：比較保齡球運動亞運菁英選手與一般菁英選手於比賽六局中，擊出全倒及未全倒間心跳率與呼吸頻率是否有差異。方法：以 9 位亞運菁英及 9 位一般菁英女子保齡球選手為研究對象。應用遠距團隊運動生理監測儀監控保齡球選手 6 局比賽間準備動作、投擲與走下助走道的心跳率與呼吸頻率。所有資料以SPSS統計軟體進行混合設計二因子變異數分析，以 α= .05 為顯著水準。結果：一、亞運菁英組在拿球前 2 秒 (87.88 ± 18.7 vs 102.02 ± 15.56 bpm)、投擲 (88.97 ± 17.61 vs 107.84 ± 16.24 bpm) 及走下助走道 (91.01 ± 18.33 vs 113.81 ± 16.91 bpm) 之全倒心跳率均顯著低於一般菁英組 (p < .05)；二、亞運菁英組在拿球前 2 秒 (86.70 ± 19.81 vs 102.91 ± 16.07 bpm)、投擲 (88.73 ± 19.65 vs 110.33 ± 16.64 bpm) 及走下助走道 (91.37 ± 19.44 vs 116.71 ± 17.00 bpm) 之未全倒心跳率均顯著低於一般菁英組 (p < .05)；三、兩組選手之全倒呼吸頻率在三個時間點皆未達顯著差異 (p > .05)；四、亞運菁英組在投擲 (17.94 ± 5.71 vs 19.05 ± 5.74 bpm) 及走下助走道 (18.16 ± 5.67 vs 19.53 ± 5.60 bpm) 之未全倒呼吸頻率顯著低於一般菁英組 (p < .05)；結論：在擊出全倒及未全倒的情形下，亞運菁英組選手與一般菁英組選手之心跳率與呼吸頻率顯著較一般菁英組選手穩定。
Background: In bowling tournaments, it is important for bowlers to adjust their mental state. The factors that bowlers with similar strength will win or lose in a tournament usually come from one’s mental quality, emotion, stress, and etc. However, these factors will affect bowlers’ heart rate and respiratory rate, eventually, their performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare heart rate and respiratory rate between Asian Game elite and general elite considering having a strike or not in a six-game tournament. Method: We invited 18 elite bowlers, which 9 of them have Asian game experiences, and gather their information while preparing, throwing and leaving the lanes during a six-game tournament by Medtronic Zephyr. The statistics were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, mixed design with SPSS statistic software. We take the significant difference as α= .05. Results: 1, Before grabbing the ball (87.88 ± 18.7 vs 102.02 ± 15.56 bpm), throwing (88.97 ± 17.61 vs 107.84 ± 16.24 bpm), and leaving the lanes (91.01 ± 18.33 vs 113.81 ± 16.91 bpm), While having a strike, Asian Game elite have lower average heart rate than general elite (p < .05). 2, Before grabbing the ball (86.70 ± 19.81 vs 102.91 ± 16.07 bpm), throwing (88.73 ± 19.65 vs 110.33 ± 16.64 bpm), and leaving the lanes (91.37 ± 19.44 vs 116.71 ± 17.00 bpm), While not having a strike, Asian Game elite have lower average heart rate than general elite (p < .05). 3, There are no significant respiratory rate difference between Asian Game elite and general elite (p > .05) while having a strike. 4, While throwing (17.94 ± 5.71 vs 19.05 ± 5.74 bpm) and leaving the lanes (18.16 ± 5.67 vs 19.53 ± 5.60 bpm), Asian Game Elites have lower respiratory rate than general elite（p < .05). Conclusion: No matter having a strike or not, Asian Game Elite have stable heart rate and respiratory rate than general elite. |
