| 摘要: | 目的：本研究藉次級資料分析各國推廣「運動是良醫」Exercise is Medicine [EIM]之策略方法，以提出臺灣可借鏡與施行之可行性方案。健康的概念自古就開始發展，到20世紀，健康養生與運動的觀念傳播更從個人擴大並蓬勃發展，像是美國全球健康研究機構（Global Wellness Institute [GWI]），使命是透過對公共和私營部門進行預防性保健和健康方面的教育，來增強全球的健康。《Healthy People》健康人白皮書最早始於1979年，美國的外科醫生朱利葉斯•里士滿（Julius Richmond）發表一健康促進和疾病預防報告，旨在提倡健康促進、增進人民的健康福祉。運動的概念以及其對健康和生活的影響，隨著時間的推演，越來越受到重視。其中，2007年美國運動醫學會（American College of Sports Medicine [ACSM]）與美國醫學協會（American Medical Association [AMA]）聯合發起Exercise is Medicine的計畫，宗旨為鼓勵醫師及其他提供健康照護者，將運動融入健康諮詢與慢性病治療計畫，藉由推廣體能活動以預防疾病與改善健康。方法：本研究運用質性研究法之次級資料蒐集，觀察各國推廣EIM之情形、策略與市場訊息分析，並進行專家訪談，建構臺灣未來推廣發展可行性探討。結果：各國發展EIM計畫先後不同，依推廣時期可分為推廣初期、推廣中期與推廣長期三個階段。不同的推廣時期應著重的目標不同，且各國因經濟、文化、環境、生活習慣…等的不同，所運用之推廣策略也應因地制宜。結論：臺灣雖於2017年成立EIM國家中心，然而推廣宣傳力量並不足，成效未顯。臺灣應就推廣時期訂定初期、中期及長期計畫。初期首重：一、將EIM導入醫療體系；二、尋求與各機構合作；三、建立合宜的商業模式。推廣中期應：一、建立證照制度、運動指導員；二、教育醫學院學生；三、建立產學合作模式。長期而言希冀廣泛地將EIM深植民眾生活：一、EIM教育學程之擴展；二、建立EIM相關政策與建設；三、以行動科技推廣EIM。藉由階段性策略，讓Exercise is Medicine不只是一句口號，使臺灣循序漸進的步向更健康的社會型態。
Purpose: The concept of health has been developed long time ago. Until 20th century, the concept of health and exercise has been broadened and prosperous ever since, for example, Global Wellness Institute [GWI] has a mission to empower wellness worldwide by educating the public and private sectors about preventative health and wellness. The 1979 Surgeon General's Report, Healthy People raised by Dr. Julius Richmond laid the foundation for a national prevention agenda. As time goes by, wellness and exercise have been emphasized enormously. In 2007, the American College of Sports Medicine [ACSM] and the American Medical Association [AMA] co-launched Exercise is Medicine® (EIM) – a United States-based health initiative that has since been coordinated by ACSM. The purpose of EIM is to make the physical activity assessment and promotion a standard in clinical care, connecting health care with evidence-based physical activity resources for people everywhere of all abilities. This paper would like to analyze Exercise is Medicine [EIM] worldwide models, besides, raise future practical applications for Taiwan. Methods: Secondary data collection was conducted in the research to observe worldwide strategies, also the feasibility analysis for Taiwan in promoting EIM through in-depth interviews with experts. Outcome: Each country has different launch time and timeline for EIM. We divide it into 3 periods – short-term, mid-term and long-term. Each term deserves different targets while implementing EIM. Additionallly, each country shall apply different strategies due to its economy, social culture, environment and living habit. Conclusion: EIM Taiwan was launched in 2017, however, promotion left rooms for improvement. Taiwan shall set short-, mid- and long-term strategies. Short-term strategies: 1. Introduce EIM into the medical system. 2: Cooperate with associated institutions. 3. Establish appropriate business model. Mid-term: 1. Establish certification system and EIM professions. 2. Educate students in medical schools. 3. Industry-Academy cooperation. Long-term: Expanse the EIM education. 2. Establish EIM associated policies and constructions. 3. Promote EIM through mobile technology. By means of periodic strategies, Taiwan will gradually become a healthier society. Let Exercise is Medicine speaks louder than words! |
