| 摘要: | 由於澳門博彩業發展，房地產價格伴隨社會經濟急速發展而上升，房地產價格的變動幅度也影響社會經濟發展的穩定性。若果上升的速度過快，高樓價問題會影響市民的生活質素，產生青年置業難，負擔重，租金貴，居住的面積變少等問題，而且當樓價升幅脫離居民可負擔的能力時，會產生民怨，加劇貧富差距，不利政府管治，更嚴重的情況是出現社會動盪；另一方面，樓價若過度下跌，又會衍生出另外的社會問題，例如1997年金融風暴時，香港出現負資產增加、破產及自殺個案上升，社會彌漫著不安的情緒，市民對社會前景失去信心，亦不利政府管治，所以不論房地產價格的過度升或跌，都會產生社會問題。
澳門房地產價格目前處於上升時期，高樓價的問題開始困擾市民，本研究目的在於評估澳門政府於2004年至2018年推動的抑制房地產價格政策的效果及影響，分析推動政策前後樓價的變化。藉由質性研究，探討評估澳門特區政府訂定用以控制樓價及解決青年置產困難的一系列房地產政策之成效，發現《劉十招》及《新八招》等抑制樓價之政策，不僅無法有效控制澳門房地產價格升勢，反而加重世代的購屋負擔；並借鑑香港高樓價的問題，參考新加坡的組屋政策，以及德國控制房屋價格的手段，檢視澳門過去的房屋政策的不足，提出改善建議和方案，制定適合澳門實際環境的房屋政策，以應付未來的挑戰。
Due to the development of the Macau gameboing industry, real estate prices are rising accompanying with rapid development of social economy. The fluctuation of real estate price also influence to the stability of social economic development. If the rate of increase is too fast, the problem of high property prices will affect the quality of life. It is difficult for young people to buy a home, the burden is heavy, the rent is expensive, and the living area is reduced. When the property price rises away from the affordable capacity of the residents, there will be public grievances, which will aggravate the gap between the rich and the poor. This is not good for the government management; the more serious situation is the emergence of social unrest. In addition, the fall in property prices will lead to other social problems. In the 1997 financial turmoil, there was an increase in negative assets, bankruptcy and suicide cases in Hong Kong, and the society was filled with uneasiness. Losing confidence in the social prospect is also harmful to the government. Therefore, social problems will arise regardless of the rise or fall of real estate prices.
The real estate price is still in a rising period in Macao. The problem of high property prices has begun to plague the public, the purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the effect and impact of the policy of control property prices by the Macau government from 2004 to 2018, to analyze of changes in property prices before and after the policy promotion. Based on qualitative research method, evaluate the effectiveness of a series of housing policies formulated by the Macau government to control property prices and solve the problem of youth buying property, we found out these policies not only failed to effectively control the rise of Macau's real estate prices, but increased the burden of home purchases for generations; Through learning from the high property prices problem from Hong Kong, and referenced to the HDB(Housing & Development Board) policy of Singapore's and German control the housing prices method and examined the shortcomings of Macau's past housing policy, improvement suggestions and solutions will be proposed.The author tries to formulate a housing policy suitable for the actual environment of Macau to meet future challenges. |
