| 摘要: | 本研究中使用超臨界二氧化碳流體設備，於薑黃中進行精油的萃取，討論溫度、壓力與流率對精油產率的影響，在實驗組合使用到中央合成設計法(CCD)來進行二階反應曲面模型的迴歸，由於中央合成設計法考慮到軸點，因此造成實驗因子各別具有五種條件，在此設計中包含了6個軸點、8個角點以及重複6個中央點的實驗，總共有20組結果，在實驗的過程中，壓力條件2960 psi、3200 psi、3600 psi、4000 psi和4240 psi，溫度條件為31.6℃、35℃、40℃、45℃和48.4℃，流率條件45 L/hr、60 L/hr、80 L/hr、100 L/hr 和114L/hr。
使用重量百分比公式各別計算各組實驗組合之薑黃精油產率，接著進行變異數與二階迴歸分析，再透過MATLAB軟體繪製反應曲面圖，並且加以討論各條件因子兩者之間的交互作用與對產率的影響，及分析出最佳的萃取條件。 實驗數據結果在壓力4240 psi、溫度40℃、80 L/hr的狀況下產率最大為1.46%，而透過二階模型對結果數據進行迴歸分析後，所得到的最佳化產率為1.86%，實驗條件為壓力4240 psi、溫度48.4℃、流率114 L/hr，最後比較索式萃取法所得的薑黃精油粗脂肪率，與超臨界流體萃取法的精油產率是否一致，並透過傅立葉紅外線光譜儀分析，得其兩個方法萃取的精油成分一致。
In this study, we used supercritical carbon dioxide fluid equipment to extract essential oils from turmeric, and discussed the effects of temperature, pressure and flow on the yield of essential oils. In the experimental planning, the central composite design (CCD) is used to perform the regression of the second-order reaction surface model. Since the CCD takes into account the pivot point, there are five conditions for the experimental factors. In this design, there are six pivot points, eight corner points, and an experiment of repeating six central points. There are total of 20 sets of results in our experience. During the course of the experiment, the temperature conditions are 31.6℃, 35℃, 40℃, 45℃, 48.4℃, pressure conditions are 2960 psi, 3200 psi, 3600 psi, 4000 psi, 4240 psi, flow conditions are 45 L/hr, 60 L/hr, 80 L/hr, 100 L/hr, 114 L/hr. However, using the weight percentage, the yield of the turmeric essential oil of each experimental group was calculated separately, followed by the variation number and the second-order regression analysis. Through the MATLAB software, the reaction surface map is drawn, and the interaction between the two condition factors and the effect on the yield are discussed, and the optimal extraction conditions are analyzed.
The experimental data showed a maximum yield of 1.46% at a pressure of 4240 psi, a temperature of 40 ° C, and an 80 L/hr condition. After regression analysis of the resulting data by a second-order model, the optimal yield was 1.86%. The experimental conditions were pressure 4240 psi, temperature 48.4 ° C, flow rate 114 L / hr. Finally, the crude fat percentage of turmeric essential oil obtained by the soxhlet extraction method is consistent with the yield of essential oil by supercritical fluid extraction method, and analyzed by Fourier infrared spectrometer, the essential oil components extracted by the two methods are consistent. |
