| 摘要: | 海芋(callalily)為天南星科(Araceae)、馬蹄蓮屬(Zantedeschia)的多年生球根花卉作物。結合陽明山國家公園得天獨厚的環境資源條件下，白花海芋成為竹子湖地區最具發展優勢的花卉作物。然而進口種球昂貴，農民鮮少更新種球，在連作栽培情況下，細菌性軟腐病成為影響栽培穩定性的主要因素，因此如何建立健康種苗的量產模式，以供應健康根莖種球的生產體系，將是海芋產業永續發展的重要課題。本研究利用葉片、葉柄、花梗及根莖為培植體，培養在含有不同生長調節劑組合的1/2 Murashige and Skoog(MS)基本培養基，誘導出不同型態的癒傷組織，並透過器官發生，建立白色海芋的試管內植株再生途徑。結果顯示2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-Dichloro-phenoxyaceticacid, 2,4-D)是誘導癒傷組織的必要條件，而噻苯隆(thidiazuron, TDZ)在協同2,4-D誘導癒傷組織和促進芽體萌發的效果比芐基腺嘌呤(benzyladenine, BA)為佳。根莖培植體經1mgL^(-1) 2,4-D及0.5 mgL^(-1) TDZ誘導後，可形成叢生芽，接續繼代於1/2MS基本培養基後直接分化根形成，發育為小植株。除此之外，葉柄及根莖培植體在單獨添加2,4-D(1或2mgL^(-1))所誘導形成的癒傷組織，經由間接途徑形成體胚，經石蠟切片觀察其具細胞質濃密的特徵。本研究已成功誘導白色海芋的芽體及體胚形成，未來將可應用於建立健康種苗繁殖體系，減輕產業上連作障礙及病害的問題。
Zantedeschia spp. (calla lilies), belonging to the family Araceae and the genus Zantedeschia, are important perennial flower bulb crops. In the unique climatic and geographic resources of Yangmingshan National Park, white-flowered calla lily has developed as a novel flower crop of Zhuzihu area until now. However, the cultivation and production of calla lily are limited due to devastating soft rot in continuous cropping. For sustainable development of calla lily industry, the most important challenge is how to establish the production system of healthy plantlets for providing healthy rhizome bulbs. In this study, we apply 1/2 strength MS basal medium containing different compositions of 2,4-dichloro-phenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), benzyladenine (BA) and thidiazuron (TDZ) on callus induction of leaf, petiole, pedicle and rhizome explants. The results showed that 2,4-D is required for callus induction and TDZ is more effective than BA on callus induction and promoting shoot development. We established an in vitro plant regeneration pathway of white-flowered calla lily though organogenesis. Multiple shoots were induced from rhizome explants on medium containing 1 mg L^(-1) 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L^(-1) TDZ and then developed into healthy plantlets after subculture on 1/2 MS basal medium. Additionally, 2,4-D at 1 or 2 mg L^(-1) can induce petiole and rhizome explants to form embryogenic callus, which can differentiate into somatic embryo with condensed cytoplasm, which were observed with paraffin section. The in vitro morphogenesis though shoot and somatic embryo formation can be applied on the propagation of healthy plantlets of white-flowered calla lily for lessening the continuous cropping and disease problem. |
