一般護理之家以居住無法自行避難的高齡者為主，因此影響其避難所需時間之要素與一般用途建築物有所不同。考量火災時居室內將出現兩組以上的人員同時進行避難，但有限的走道及出口寬度將使其於避難路徑上產生相互干擾，影響避難所需時間。另過去的研究結果顯示，人員的步行速度會隨可視度的降低而變緩慢，因此為了解干擾型輔助避難移動速度及分析可視度對干擾型輔助避難移動速度之影響，本研究擬進行全尺寸實驗，以探討可視度變化、避難組數、移動方式對輔助避難移動速度之影響，提出不同情境之參考數值。並研擬離室避難所需時間評估方法，配合火災動態模擬軟體分析各居室單元的可視度變化，探討各單元居室於不同情境下的離室避難所需時間，未來可供設計者於設計時之參考。研究目的如下：1. 進行實驗以了解居室內有兩組人同時進行輔助避難時，各種輔助避難器具對移動速度之影響。2. 以實驗探討可視度對干擾型輔助避難移動速度之影響。3. 研擬離室避難時間評估方法，建立考量可視度及干擾型避難兩因素影響下的移動速度數值，提供設計者於計算時能有不同情境的參考數值，以滿足其設定之情境條件。4. 模擬各單元居室的可視度變化，探討單元居室的可視度變化與各情境下離室避難所需時間之關係。
Nursing home residents in general are elderly people, and in a building evacuation, they normally would need assistance, such as being moved by stretcher or other methods. As a result, the amount of time required for nursing home evacuation is different from the time for common building evacuation. If in a fire incident there are more than two rescuing teams in a compartment concurrently engaged in evacuation, a narrow passages or exit would cause the teams to interfere with each other on their evacuation route, thereby affecting the evacuation time. Moreover, fire-generated smoke would reduce the visibility, which is a critical factor in evacuation time. In order to investigate the speed of obstructed evacuation assistance and analyze the effect of visibility on the speed of obstructed evacuation assistance, the study implemented a full-scale experiment to examine the association between visibility changes, number of evacuation teams, moving methods, and the required evacuation time. The aim is to provide data and reference for the speed of obstructed evacuation assistance and develop a method for evaluating the amount of evacuation time required for obstructed evacuation assistance. To discuss the association between visibility changes in a basic compartment unit and the amount of evacuation time required with obstructed evacuation assistance, the study employed dynamic fire simulation software to analyze visibility changes in each compartment unit in a fire incident to provide useful information for relevant equipment design. The purpose of this research:1. The first objective is to examine, when there are two teams in one compartment implementing evacuation assistance simultaneously, how the presence of these two teams would affect the speed of various types of evacuation aids.2. The second objective is to examine impacts from visibility changes on the speed of obstructed evacuation assistance.3. The third objective is to develop a method to evaluate the amount of evacuation time required with obstructed evaluation assistance and establish reference values for the speed of travel based on visibility changes and evacuation obstruction and provide calculation references for these two factors.4. The last objective is to simulate visibility changes in each compartment unit to examine the association between visibility changes and the amount of time required for evacuation different contexts and different compartment units.
