| 摘要: | 旅遊業是項朝陽產業，對中國大陸民族地區國民收入的增長，具有一種連鎖反應的作用。尤其是在自然資源豐富、古老文化濃郁的民族地區推動旅遊開發，易將資源優勢轉變成經濟優勢，形成產業後發優勢經濟社會的價值創造。
本文研究以旅遊開發對羌族所在的茂縣、理縣、汶川及北川區域，從不同時間、空間維度、政策維度分析其對區域經濟社會影響情形，探討旅遊開發對少數民族實際受益情形，及旅遊推動過程可能遇到的問題，提出研究觀察與發現，冀作為對學術可能的貢獻與建議之論述。
本文研究採質性研究，以田野調查方式兼引用官方數據進行分析，從調查研究過程中進行觀察並蒐集第一手原始資料，疏理分析旅遊開發對四川西北羌族地區經濟社會影響的情形，研究上採新經濟地理學途徑中的核心—邊緣理論，作為融貫各章節內容論述；實證上以理縣為核心景區旅遊開發經濟呈現的效應，依空間分佈距離核心越遠的邊緣縣區汶川、茂縣，逐漸減弱對邊緣區域經濟社會效應影響的程度。
從實證與數據顯示新經濟地理學途徑，旅遊業隨著空間改變轉換經濟正向效應表現，但並非是固定不變。亦可能受到資源分布、交通動線、旅遊行為、都市化程度等依變數因素影響，改變核心—邊緣區域經濟效應外溢表現；同時，從經濟效應、族群人口與宗教文化分析論述影響核心—邊緣理論的變化關係。
Tourism industry, as a sunrise industry, has a knock-on effect on the growth of national income in regions inhabited by ethnic groups in Mainland China. In particular, in regions inhabited by ethnic groups with abundant natural resources and profound ancient culture, promotion of tourism development would convert a resource advantage into an economic advantage, to form the advantage of backwardness of the industry and create values for the economy and society.
This study was to analyze the impact of tourism development in Mao County, Li County, Wenchuan and Beichuan where Qiang people are inhabited on the regional economy and society therein from different dimensions of time, space and policy, discuss actual benefits and impact of tourism development policy for and on minorities and potential issues in promoting tourism, and present research observations and findings, as potential contributions and recommendations in academic aspect.
In this study, a qualitative research was conducted, and analysis was conducted through field research. Observations were conducted and primary data were collected in the process of survey and research, to organize and analyze the impact of tourism development on the economy and society in Qiang area in Northwest Sichuan. In terms of research, core-fringe theory in the new economic geography approach was applied throughout discussion of contents in all sections. In terms of empirical analysis, based on the economic effect brought by tourism development with Li County as the core scenic spot, impact on the economy and society in fringe areas, i.e., Wenchuan and Mao County, is decreased along with the increase in spatial distance away from the core scenic spot.
New economic geography approach was analyzed in respect of empirical analysis and data reference, and it has been found that the positive effect of tourism industry in transforming economy does not remain unchanged with changes in space, but may change core-fringe regional economic effect spillover performance, subject to many dependent variables, including resource distribution, transport routes, travel behaviors and degree of urbanization; in addition, change relationship affecting core-fringe theory was analyzed and discussed from economic effect, ethnic population and religion and culture. |
