| 摘要: | 臺北市為臺灣的首都，從日治時期首次擬定都市計畫後，臺北發展成以第三級產業為主的都市。然而隨著工商業發展，都市有新的發展與擴張，人口越來越多使郊區化成為必然的現象，但歷經多年後開始出現都市蔓延、公共設施服務水平不足、城鄉差距等問題，對都市的環境、交通、文化等方面產生負面衝擊，同時全球化也導致各國相互影響較以往快速，因此都市發展政策不只是解決內需的問題，也要回應全球化的競爭。2016 年臺灣通過《全國國土計畫》，可發現主要期望臺灣能夠朝向智慧化、科學化空間佈局，實現城市在大小、資源利用等方面上的控制。緊湊城市理念被視為促進土地資源有效利用、區域及城市可持續發展的途徑之一，臺北市雖然已是高密度城市，但與節能、永續的城市型態仍存在差距。故本研究以臺北市為探討範圍，界定臺北市都市之特性後，擬定緊湊城市策略體系。
首先，本研究透過重要研究報告及文獻彙整出緊湊城市理念，介紹美國、日本、英國、荷蘭之緊湊城市政策及其背景，並整理出四個城市在緊湊城市上可供臺灣借鏡之執行方案；其次，以文獻回顧及國外案例分析之根據，初步擬定臺北市邁向緊湊城市策略發展體系，透過修正式德爾菲法篩選出適合的5 項發展準則、11 項發展策略及24 項行動方案，再藉由網路程序分析法評選11 項發展策略之重要性權重；最後擬出緊湊城市策略體系，提出相關配合機關之整合，期望提供相關主管機關未來制定都市發展方向之參考。
都市發展策略是一個長期性的計畫，臺北市面臨挑戰除經濟發展、危險及老舊的房屋比例甚高，還有氣候變遷、高齡少子化等自然的挑戰及人為的挑戰，緊湊城市以交通、環境、土地利用、文化、社會等多元面向解決都市發展問題，但本研究並非一意指向一個緊湊城市策略體系就能使都市快速改變，都市仍然需要循序漸進地建設，新典範的建立不是只靠法規及政策的推動，而是要長期穩定的去思想未來都市空間的耕耘與經營。
Taipei is the official capital city of Taiwan. After drawing up Urban Plan from the beginning of the Japanese colonial era, Taipei has developed into a city whose economic infrastructure centered on the third tier industry. However, industrial development leads to new urbanization, and dramatic population growth has made suburbanization an inevitable phenomenon.The passing of the years causes urban sprawl, insufficient public facilities service level, urban-Rural Ga, and etc, having negative impacts on urban environment, transportation, culture and so on. In the meanwhile, globalization males the world more connected than ever, thus Urban Development policy not only solve the problem of domestic demand, but react to global competitiveness. In 2016, Taiwan passed “Spatial plan Act”, the country works toward a skater and science-based urban planning, realizing the control of the region and resource of the city. Compact city is viewed as a way to promote the efficient utilization of the lands, regions, and cities. Although Taipei is already a high density city, it still hasn’t reached energy saving and sustainable city form. My research paper focuses on Taipei city, and after defining the characteristics of Taipei city, I will draft an intensive city strategy system.
First, this study brings together the concept of compact city through important research reports and literature, introducing the Compact City policies and history of 4 cities in the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. It summarizes noteworthy implementation plans of the cities. Secondly, based on literature review and foreign case analysis, the research initially formulates Taipei City's strategy for developing a compact city strategy, and screens out 5 suitable development criteria, 11 development strategies and 24 action plans with the Modified Delphi Method. The importance of the 11 development strategies is selected by the Analytic Network Process. Finally, a Compact City strategy system was proposed, and the integration of relevant cooperation agencies was proposed. It is expected to provide reference for the relevant authorities to formulate Urban Development strategy in the future.
Urban Development is a long-term project. Besides economic growth and its high percentage of old and dangerous buildings, Taipei City is also facing challenges such as climate change, aging population, decreasing birth rate, etc.. Compact City aims to provide diverse solutions of transportation, environment, land usage, culture, and society to the problems caused by urban development. This research does not only indicate that a city can be transformed promptly solely with a Compact City Strategy System. In addition to enacting new law and policy, continuous and stable plan for future urban development is still crucial to the establishment of new model. |
