| 摘要: | BIM為大幅提升智慧建造(Building Smart)效能的工具，隨之引發了參數式設計(Parametric Design)風潮，其不僅僅增強營建資料的整合應用，也增強設計的效益。然而宋營造法式中規範了各個構件尺寸及比例，也規範了構建之組合方式及安排了其配置布局，亦為參數化設計過程。因此本研究應用Dynamo於宋營造法式枓栱參數化系統，來探討設計中可能的參數應用。
本研究理論包括智慧建造(Building Smart)、Dynamo、營造法式、參數式設計等。智慧建造是永續建築之概念，利用建築資訊模型技術增進建築方式，運用資訊技術達到有效的工程整合。Dynamo為參數化圖形設計工具，藉由動態控制設計參數的關聯因子，即時模擬、評估、調整設計的有效方式。宋營造法式釋名、各作制度、功限、料例和圖樣，並說明如何按照建築物的等級來選用材料，確定各種構件之間的比例、位置、相互關係，相當於現今建築施工設計、用料、構造等方面的規則要求。
本研究程序首先了解參數化設計內涵及其理論方法，再來解析宋營造法式枓栱之部件組合如枓、栱、昂、耍頭、襯方頭等，再將分析解果進行參數表格模型及參數節點模型建置，運用Revit Table及Dynamo建立枓栱參數模型。
本研究成果建構了其枓栱精緻化模型，包括手動及自動化模型，建構了營造法式枓栱設計的參數化平台，其中Revit Table之表格法建構了88項程序其中包括尺寸控制、操作控制、類型控制參，而Dynamo之節點法建構了20項自定義結點其中包刮單元構件自定義節點、組合構件自定義節點，並進行組裝完成鋪作模型，最後針對操作性、正確性、變化性進行模型比對及創新驗證，依據比對結果，以操作性來說，表格法之猜數運送以手動方式運送，而節點法是以自動化方式運送參數，以變化性來說，表格法變化需構思其組裝模式，且利用手動之方式建構組合模型，節點法變化組合方式為先建立營造法式之規則，最後運用其規則建立組合模型，以正確性來說，表格法較結點法容易檢查問題點，且可利用數量計算及類型標註進行檢查。
本研究最後建立五項參數控制：鋪作數、昂數量、材等、昂舉、昂向下。此五項參數為模型選單中的選項，得依照設計者所選擇的選項變化，並連帶影響整體構架。最後比對結果得出兩者應合併使用，利用參數表格建立單一族群，並將其參數化，並利用參數節點法進行組裝，這樣同時能運用參數表格之資料性，以及參數節點之組合及變化性。透過Dynamo之平台，以達到操作性最高之效益，也可以提升傳統建築研究之應用。本研究所發展之系統驗證了枓栱創新性的可能。
Dynamo is a way of Building Smart and has an impact on Parametric design trend nowadays, it not just can increase Integrate building data, but also increase designing process, however, parametric design is already introduced in ancient China, which is a book called Yinzao Fashi, it is similar of building code nowadays, and standardized elements, scale and combination of elements. Therefore in this study aims to use Dynamo to receate Yinzao Fashi parametric system.
In this study, the theory structure incudes Building smart, DynamoBIM,Yinzao Fashi, Parametric design. Building Smart is the concept of sustainable construction, useing building information model technology to enhance construction methods and engineering integration. DynamoBIM visual programing tool, to control the correlation factors of design parameters dynamically, and an effective way to simulate, evaluate, and adjust designs. Yinzao Fashi specificate quantity, size, scale, material, combination of the building.
In this study, first of all studies the connotation of parametric design and its theoretical methods, then study the elements in the book such as Dou, Gong, Ang, Shua Tou, Su Fang, and he combination of Dou Gong, then the analysis of the solution results will be modeled in Revit and Dynamo. Lastly, Model comparison and innovation verification for operability, correctness, and variability.
Two models is created in this study, including Revit model and Dynamo model, and constructed a parametric platform for Yinzao Fashi, 88 formulas including dimensional control, type control and operational control, 20 custom node including unit component and combination component is created in this process, after constructing the Dou Gong, evaluation is carried out. The result of the evaluation is sperated in to three results, operational, correctness and variability, in the aspect of operational, revit table tend to transfer parameters manualy while dynamo transfer parameters automatically, in the aspect of varability, revit table needs to prethink the methos of combination before modeling while dynamo model by the rules of Yinzao Fashi, in the aspect of correctness, revit table can use quantity calculation and type label to compare with Yinzao Fashi.
Lastly, in this study, 5 imputs is created, incuding Pu Zuo number, Ang number, Cai Deng, Ang Ju,, the result of this study is revit and dynamo should interact with each other, use the advantage of revit table for single element and use dynamo for combination of Dougong. |
