| 摘要: | 台灣在日治時期時，大陸許多戲班依然持續來台灣演出，當時的報刊雜誌也記載了許多來台的大陸劇團演出紀錄，情節、演員、佈景機關、燈光魔術等方面都引起觀眾高度的觀賞興趣，受到福州戲班和上海京班來台演出影響之下，雖然當時為日本人統治，台人卻仍不間斷的吸收中國戲曲文化，藝文交流仍然持續著，且帶來了許多劇種、表演、舞台美術以及舞台機關布景的技巧，在競爭激烈的內台時期，觀眾求新求變，各個戲班無不使出渾身解數吸引觀眾，因此舞台的視覺效果成了戲班彼此較勁的項目，本地的戲班便聘請隨行來台中國戲班的布景師設計專屬的舞台布景，演出傳單經常以滿台真火、五色電光等特效為主要宣傳文字，並且將彩繪布景機關藝術的觀念帶入台灣，使台灣當時個地方劇種都受到機關布景的影響，尤其對歌仔戲的影響最大，也奠定了台灣內台戲舞台美術的基礎；但隨著時代的變遷，傳統的舞台機關布景面臨了被電腦數位化取代的命運，市場需求及學習者減少，這項技藝有瀕臨失傳之慮。
為了解布景藝術的源流，筆者進行實地田野考察的過程當中，老師傅們都對自己擁有這項技藝感到十分驕傲，在筆者反覆思考老師傅這段話的過程當中，認為這是台灣舞台美術的起源，但是許多劇場工作者大多不了解這段歷史，在現代科技發達的時代中，許多設計者都以投影方式做舞台呈現，然而在製作舞台設計前是否要具備先人的技術與概念，進一步討論內台戲舞台美術流傳下來對台灣的影響，本文將釐清內台戲的布景藝術之歷史脈絡，欲藉由回顧中國清代戲曲的舞台機關與布景藝術，台灣日治時期中國戲班來台演出時傳入機關、魔術變景與繪景藝術，吸取海派京班及福州班的舞台藝術，福州師傅來台收徒並開枝散葉，內台時期機關布景使用的興盛至衰退，來探討台灣內台戲舞美的發展背景，試整理出台灣舞台布景的流變及未被重視的台灣舞台美術。
During the Japanese rule period, many troupes on the mainland continued to perform in Taiwan. Newspapers and magazines at that time also recorded many performance records of mainland Chinese troupes coming to Taiwan. Scenes, actors, setting agencies, lighting magic, etc. attracted audiences' high interest in viewing. Under the influence of Fuzhou opera class and Shanghai Jingban to Taiwanese performances, even though it was ruled by the Japanese at that time, the Taiwanese continued to absorb the Chinese opera culture, and the exchange of arts and literature continued, bringing with it many operas and performances. The techniques of theatrical arts and theatrical organizing scenes, during the fierce competition in the Taiwan period, the audience made new changes, and all theatrical troupes exerted their efforts to attract the audience. Therefore, the visual effects of the stage became a project where the troupes competed with each other. The local troupes They then hired the set designer who came with the Chinese troupe to design their own special stage set. The flyers often featured special effects such as full fire, five-color electro-optic, and other special effects, and brought the concept of the art of painted sets to Taiwan to bring Taiwan to power. Local dramas are affected by the layout of the institutions, especially the greatest influence on the Gezi Opera. Set the foundation for Taiwan within the drama Stage Design; but with the changing times, traditional stage scenery authorities are faced with a computer digitized substituted destiny, reduce market demand and learner, there is the art of taking into account the verge of extinction.
In order to understand the origin of the art of setting scenery, during the field field trip, the authors were very proud of the craftsmanship they possessed. Origin, but many theater workers do not understand much of this history. In the era of advanced modern technology, many designers have made presentations on the stage by projection. However, before the stage design, they must have the ancestral technology and concepts. To discuss the influence of the Taiwan Opera stage art on the Taiwanese influence, this article will clarify the historical context of the set art of Nei Tai Opera. Review the stage organization and set art of the Chinese opera in the Qing Dynasty, the Chinese opera troupe performed in Taiwan during the Japanese rule period. At the time, they were introduced into the arts of the authorities, the magic scenes and paintings, and absorbed the stage arts of the Beijing and Fuzhou classes. The Fuzhou masters came to Taiwan to collect and unbureaucratize the leaves, and the use of the set of organs in the Taiwan and Taiwan period rose to recession to explore Taiwan. The background of the development of Taiwanese opera and beauty, trying to sort out the changes in Taiwan's stage setting and the Taiwan stage that has not been taken seriously Surgery. |
