教育理論與實踐之間存在著落差,而有關二者關係的論述頗多,然多言人人殊,且有些論述未必適切、周全,因此,本文?從哲學思潮的角度切入,分析教育理論與教育實踐之間大致有四種關係,分別為教育理論引導教育實踐、教育實踐開展教育理論、教育理論反省改變教育實踐、及教育實作取代教育理論等,而與之相對應的哲學學派則是實證主義、現象-論釋學、批判理論、及後現代主義。 至於教育理論與教育實踐間的合理性發展,本文由理論的內外部,以及教育理論與實踐的後設分析著手,歸結出:第一,教育理論的內涵本身或形成過程,應該有高度的複雜性、專門性、獨特性,而教育理論呈現在外的部份,應愈清楚明白愈好,使之易於推廣;其次,教育理論有「純理論」的可能,亦即從教育理論開展其他理論,或是教育理論供作反省、批判,則儘管缺乏實作性,但仍具價值性;再次,教育實踐亦有「純實踐」的可能,儘管此或許會影響教育學專業體系的建立,然其只要有實際效用、符合市場需求,則仍有其價?存在;然而,教育理論與教育實踐應朝向二者相互含蘊、相互辯證的方向發展,亦即,從生活世界、教育情境中發展出具有實踐智慧的理論,一方面以此理論反思教育實踐,同時再從教育實踐中不斷修正教育理論,形成永無止境的辯證發展歷程。 According to the philosophical paradigms, including positivism, phenomenology-hermeneutics, critical theory, and postmodernism, the relationship between educational theory and practice has four dimensions respectively: educational theory leading practice, educational practice developing theory, educational theory reflecting/modifying practice, and educational practice replacing theory. As for the rational development of the relationship between educational theory and practice, the study draws the conclusion form meta-analysis. Educational theory and practice are "inter-becoming" and the development of their relationship is dialectic. In educational situation. We can use educational theory to reflect practice, and constantly modify educational theory from practice at the same time. That will be an endless, dialectic development process.