白鼻心食果習性、棋盤腳更新與墾丁海岸林保育（2012-2015）

文化大學機構典藏 CCUR > 環境規劃暨生物資源學院 > 農學院 > 農學院 > 學報-華岡農科學報 > Item 987654321/39559

jsp.display-item.identifier=請使用永久網址來引用或連結此文件: https://irlib.pccu.edu.tw/handle/987654321/39559

题名:	白鼻心食果習性、棋盤腳更新與墾丁海岸林保育（2012-2015） Frugivore Impacts of Formosan Gem-Faced Civet on Kenting Tropical Coastal Forest: A Case Study of Seedling Regeneration on Indian Barringtonia (2012-2015)
作者:	胡正恆郭耀綸
贡献者:	農學院
关键词:	棋盤腳白鼻心熱帶海岸林墾丁食果動物 Indian Barringtonia (Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz) Formosan Gem-faced Civet (Paguma larvata taivana) Tropical Coastal Forest Kenting Frugivore Wildlife
日期:	2016-12
上传时间:	2018-03-27 16:28:01 (UTC+8)
摘要:	棋盤腳是台灣南端墾丁熱帶海岸林的第一優勢樹種，具有巨大的樹冠與胸高斷面積，並能在一年四季落果產量穩定，成為此一海岸林食果動物白鼻心的關鍵棲地。由2012-2015 年的動植物互動調查發現此一樹種在面積1.55 公頃(ha)、範圍橫跨300 公尺(m)、30 樣帶的狹長香蕉灣海岸林樣帶內分布極度不均，且三大區樹冠層已然間隔30m 以上並日益碎裂。在30 樣帶間自動相機紀錄共收了310 張有效照片，總計327,340 個工作小時，拍攝到4 目6 科6 種哺乳動物，包括食果動物白鼻心佔整體有效照片百分比的三分之二強(69%)，遠高於其次的赤腹松鼠(14.8%)，另外偶見野化的家貓、家犬、台灣獼猴、鼬獾、蝙蝠等。至於鳥類則偶見灰樹鵲、五色鳥與烏頭翁進入林下，日本松雀鷹與白眉地鶇屬稀有冬候鳥，蒼鷺等偶爾出現海岸林邊緣。啃咬棋盤腳落果的白鼻心食痕在三區間有顯著區域差異：1. 在乾季林內食物資源匱乏時，白鼻心集中出沒於母樹多(25 株佔比41%)、落果較重、開闊度高的南區。而南區風倒多、林窗干擾多，所以測得較開闊的林冠，白鼻心在乾季積極覓食(OI=0.78)，關聯於果實致死率高達57%，伴隨小/大植株比之低值(0.20)，更新不佳；到了濕季則白鼻心大幅移出南區(OI=0.24)，廣泛出沒在林冠較鬱閉的北區(OI=0.66)、中區(OI=0.65)。2. 北區母樹多(27 株佔比44%)，但落果輕，濕季白鼻心啃咬致死現象集中，果實嚴重危害比例平均可達58%致死，關聯於棋盤腳小/大植株比偏低(0.18)，更新極差。3. 只有中區林下光環境屬鬱閉，雖母樹最少(9 株佔比15%)，但白鼻心於乾季活動減少(OI=0.37)，相較之下果實致死率已然最低到48%，而小/大植株比則呈現全區最高(0.44)，顯示為棋盤腳更新良好的區段。建議未來動物族群調查可擴及圍籬外，檢討狹小保護區內外的食果動物族群交流，以及道路邊緣效應帶來的棲地破碎化。保護區內宜監測頻繁颱風所帶來的風倒干擾，保護棋盤腳種子萌發、甚至積極運用補植方式讓僅存的棋盤腳母樹得以原域更新。 Indian Barringtonia (Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz) is the most dominant tree with giant canopy and largest basal area, at Siangjiaowan, Kenting, in the southern tip of Taiwan. Its steady fallen fruits have nourished the local frugivore, Formosan Gem-faced Civet (Paguma larvata taivana), in the primary coastal forest. Due to forest fragmentationin the past of half a century, the rapid crowding effects of civetspartially led toan uneven distribution of fruits, seedling and tree regeneration. This wildlife survey including civets adopted auto-camera to monitor wildlife activities in 2013-2015 across 3 zones, 30 transects in this 1.55-hectare protected area, as well as recorded 310 effective photographs within 327,340 hours. The mammal fauna includes the civet cat (69.0% of total activities), squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus, 14.8%), monkey (Macaca cyclopis), badger (Melogale moschata), unknown bats, and free-ranging dogs and cats. Foraging activities of the civet cat, indicated by occurrence index per kilo-hours of auto-camera, searched for the Barringtonia fruits frequently in both the south and north zones, correlated with severely damaged rate by biting (62% and 57% death rate, respectively). It results in lowest seedling survivorship and poorer regeneration in the both sides of protected area. However, the central zone had close canopy and more healthy fruits (48% damaged), associated with highest seedling/tree ratio (0.44) as an indicator for better forest regeneration. Both habitat fragmentation as well as crowding forager pressure can exacerbate the adverse effects on Barringtonia. The remaining trees need to implement conservation actions to avoid further destruction.
關聯:	華岡農科學報； 38期 (2016 / 12 / 01) ， P69 - 88
显示于类别:	[農學院] 學報-華岡農科學報

文件中的档案:

档案	描述	大小	格式	浏览次数
index.html		0Kb	HTML	191	检视/开启

检视Licence

在CCUR中所有的数据项都受到原著作权保护.

数据加载中.....