| 摘要: | 目的：本研究採用單一次的全身振動式刺激，觀察20位大專排球運動員攔網整體反應時間表現，並比較訓練前、後測專項體能的表現。方法：以20名優秀男子排球選手為研究對象，進行單一次的震動刺激介入，振動頻率28 Hz、振動幅度10mm，進行60秒全身振動訓練。並於前測 (Pre)、震動刺激後立即測驗 (Post0)、一分鐘後測驗 (Post1) 與兩分鐘後測驗 (Post2) 進行評估，以攔網敏捷測試 (blocking agility test, BAT)、下蹲跳動作 (counter movement jump, CMJ)、10公尺衝刺 (10 meters sprinting, 10MS) 與T字敏捷測試 (agility T-test, AT) 作為測驗方法。統計方法採用相依樣本單因子變異數分析比較不同保留時間震動刺激所測得變數之差異程度，包含BAT、AT、10MS、PF、MF、mRFD與RNI等參數。本研究顯著水準為α = .05。結果：經統計分析後顯示，BAT結果分別為1.86 ± 0.08 秒、1.98 ± 0.11 秒、1.77 ± 0.08 秒及1.78 ± 0.06 秒，且Post1與Post2皆顯著的優於Pre與Post0；而在10MS與AT的測驗結果中則無顯著的差異；而在CMJ的測試結果中，不同階段所測得之PF與MF皆無顯著的差異，而mRFD與RNI則是在Post1與Post2中達到顯著的提升。結論：振動刺激所產生的急性效應，主要是透過神經肌肉系統所產生的適應性獲得改善，而在震動輸入到肌肉後所誘發的強直性反射收縮很可能是使得肌肉活性增加的重要因素。而使用振動刺激作為外在介入源最重要的是震動頻率與幅度上的控制，受試者在受負荷暴露時間越長，所產生刺激的效果越明顯，但並非所有刺激都是正向的。在本研究中的速度測驗上並未有任何的改善，這很可能是誘發的頻率與幅度不足，無法達到相對的肌肉刺激量。
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effect of whole body vibration stimulation on blocking skill-related physical fitness and total reaction time in volleyball players. Method: Twenty elite male college volleyball players volunteered to participate in this study. The vibration training (VT) consisted of 60s, with 28 Hz frequencies and 10mm amplitudes. Counter movement jump (CMJ), blocking agility test (BAT), agility T-test (AT) and 10 meters sprinting (10MS) were performed at pre-test, post0 (0s rest), post1 (60s rest), and post2 (120s rest). The peak force (PF), mean force (MF), maximum rate of force development (mRFD) and relative net impulse (RNI) from the CMJs were computed. A repeated measures ANOVA was applied to obtain the variables. Results: In the BAT test, the result showd that the means and standard deviations were 1.86 ± 0.08s, 1.98 ± 0.11s, 1.77 ± 0.08, and 1.78 ± 0.06. The results of post1 and post in BAT were significant faster than pre and post0. No significant difference were observed in 10MS and AT. In the CMJ test, no significant difference were observed in PF and MF and there were significant conditions in post1 and post2 (compared with pre and post0). Conclusion: The acute effects of vibration stimulation were improved primarily by the adaptability of the neuromuscular system, and the tonic vibration reflex (TVR) induced by the vibration input to the muscle is likely to be an important factor in increasing muscle activity. The use of vibration stimulation as the external intervention source was the most important vibration frequency and amplitude control, the subject in the load exposure time longer, the more obvious the effect of stimulation, but not all stimuli were positive. There was no improvement in the speed test in this study, which was likely to be due to the lack of frequency and magnitude of induction and the inability to achieve relative muscle stimulation. |
