近年，隨著社會經濟發展，毒品犯罪問題備受社會關注，跨境運毒、校園販毒、吸毒年輕化及隱蔽化等問題，均成為社會廣泛討論的議題，並期望透過修改法例，加重刑罰以及恢復強制戒毒等措施，以進一步加強毒品犯罪的預防和治療工作。目前，澳門主要實施緩刑戒毒機制，以三級戒毒治療方案（尿液檢測、門診治療，以及院舍式治療）協助經由法院判決三年徒刑以下的毒品犯罪個案，接受為期一年至五年不等的戒毒治療計劃，以社區處遇（Community based treatment）取代機構（監獄）處遇（Institutional treatment）成為澳門近年處理毒品犯罪的趨勢。
根據社會重返部門於2015年公佈的緩刑戒毒個案統計調查發現，由2009年至2013年期間參與各項社區處遇戒治方案的毒品犯罪者重犯率為10.1%，反映社區處遇能有效處理毒品犯罪者的毒品成癮行為，透過醫療、教育、宗教和福利服務等，以「處遇主體」加強毒品犯罪者對自我行為的主動和覺醒，從而提升戒除毒癮的積極性和降低復吸率，協助毒品犯罪個案復歸社會。
因應毒品犯罪的多元和複雜性，社會大眾普遍對於毒品犯罪者的處置仍存有分歧，實施機構（監獄）處遇抑或社區處遇再度成為修改禁毒法例的討論焦點。本研究以社區處遇能有效處理毒品犯罪者的成癮行為作為基礎，檢視澳門現行的緩刑戒毒政策，以及各項執行中的毒品戒治措施，探討毒品犯罪者對參與不同社區處遇方案認知態度的相關性，並為日後持續完善和優化澳門緩刑戒毒政策提供建議。
There are a number of issues widely discussed in Macao, such as cross-border drug trafficking, campus drug trafficking, drug abuse in young people, hidden signs of drug abuse, and so on. Currently, the policy of Macao’s drugs treatment and rehabilitation consists of probation detoxification mechanism, which includes three levels of the drug treatment program - urine test, outpatient treatment and hostel-type treatment. It helps those people who are sentenced to less than three years’ imprisonment by the court due to the drug-related crimes, receive the drug treatment plan for one to five years or more. The trend of dealing with drug-related crimes in Macao has been changed to institutional treatment from community-based treatment in recent years. According to the probation drug treatment cases survey announced by the Department of Social Reintegration in 2015, the recidivism rate of the drugs crime offenders, who committed drug-related crimes and participated in the community based treatment in 2009 to 2013 is 10.1%. Therefore, it reflects that the community-based treatment is effectively dealing with drug addictive behaviors offended by those crimes who commit drug-related crime. Based on the recidivism rate of the cases who committed drug crimes, it reveals effectively reduced by the community-based treatment. This study is designed to assess the policy of probation detoxification as well as the drug treatment and rehabilitation measures in Macao. Moreover, it helps to investigate the association between different methods of community-based treatments and the effect of the drug treatment. Besides, the researcher also based upon findings and discuessions provides suggestions for the accomplishment and optimization for the policy of probation detoxification in Macao.
