| 摘要: | 地緣性質的政治實體正面臨多方的挑戰，舊的秩序和傳統組織亦隨之轉型，為了保障與強化競爭 優勢，預期有越來越多以「問題解決」（problem-solving)為導向的跨區論壇、治理平台或組織將陸續 出現。2004年起，台灣成立六個「區域緊急醫療應變中心」（Regional Emergency Operation Center, REOC)，其概念是用我國當前區域規劃之邏輯，設立緊急醫療應變中心，給予各區域中心政府經費補 助，以帶動區域災難救援網絡，為一個成功的網絡、聯防與功能性區域治理平台的運作實例；相同地， 歐盟的「緊急反應協調中心」（Emergency Response Coordination Centre, ERCC)，其宗旨是讓歐盟和其 成員國能夠及時、有效地回應緊急災害。它能有效協調，加強監測和分析能力，確保更好的應變防災 準備和立即反應。 本研究擬從新功能主義途徑，探討政府間如何依「功能別」方式，分別建立各種分區的協調、運 作或治理平台，以達到「問題解決」的目標？府際間或部門間如何在此功能性治理機制下達到效率、 資源、人力充分利用及整合？最後，探討該治理平台或模式，能否幫助形成功能的「擴溢」效果（spillover effect)，並推展其經驗到其它層次或政治合作上面？研究將透過相關文獻分析、焦點座談及深度訪談 所獲得資料，分析台灣REOC以及歐盟ERCC兩個個案的運作，探討其治理内涵及其對學理與實務上 的啟發。
Geo-political entities are now facing multiple challenges and, the world order and traditional political organization also in transition. It is expected more and more to “problem-solving” trans-regional forum, platforms, or organizations will emerge in order to guarantee and strengthen states’ competitive advantage. In 2004, Taiwan was established six “Regional Emergency Operations Center” (REOC) for the purpose to integrate of emergency medical and ambulance resources, and strengthening emergency response mechanism. REOC’s concept is to use the logic of the current regional planning in Taiwan, set up emergency medical response centers with government financial assistance, as well as leading role of regional disaster relief network. Similarly, the Emergency Response Coordination Centre (ERCC) enables the EU and its Member States to respond to overwhelming natural and man-made disasters in a timely and efficient manner. The ERCC collects and analyses real-time information on disasters, monitors hazards, prepares plans for the deployment of experts, teams and equipment, works with Member States to map available assets and coordinates the EU's disaster response efforts. This work is following the neo-functionalist concept for analyzing the REOC and ERCC modes to discuss: first, will governments according to “functional” way to establish various forms of coordination, operation or governance platforms, to reach “problem-solving” goal? Second, how do inter-governmental or cross-sectors interaction reach efficiency for using and integrating resources through the functional mechanism? Third, can such governance platform or mode helps to bring about “spillover effect,” then pursuing political cooperation or extend its experience to other levels? By using literature and interview data, the paper is analyzing of concept and operation of the cases for exploring theoretical and practical inspiration. |
