| 摘要: | 電信產業與我們的生活息息相關，由市內電話至手機，未來還有物聯網等通訊技術為生活帶來多元化的發展。在如此蓬勃發展的產業中，其勞工也面臨許多職場上的危害因子。企業為避免職業災害的發生，落實安全衛生教育訓練以培養勞工安全衛生職能成為了重要政策。本研究以某電信業者桃園區營運處為研究對象，以問卷調查法探討安全衛生教育訓練、個人學習動機、組織因素對安全衛生職能之影響。依部門員工比例共發放200份問卷，有效回收問卷為184份。問卷除了以專家問卷建立其專家效度外，另以Cronbach’s α值考驗其信度，整體問卷Cronbach’s α值為0.966。
回收樣本之基本資料，因本研究之研究對象為營運處之工務人員，其工作內容多為電信設施之軟硬體設備維護保養，所以男性比例佔大多數，樣本中男性占92.4%；另因研究對象為國內經營多年，現已轉為民營之國營事業，因此內部員工多從年輕時即已在公司就職，所以年齡及年資均偏高，年齡以50歲以上未滿60歲最多(59.2%)，年資則以工作20年以上最多(84.8%)；職稱以工程師(54.3%)最多，業務內容多為通訊線路、電纜維運及電信設備維運，並有八成以上為大專以上學歷。
安全衛生教育訓練頻率約有一半受訪者填答一年一次，另有約三成為兩年一次，大致優於法規之規定。安全衛生訓練方式仍以傳統之講師講授為最多，其次則為職災案例討論、影片教學等。另以里克特Likert五點式量表進行受訪者個人認知填答，安全衛生教育訓練、個人學習動機、組織因素、安全衛生職能等各構面及其中子題之平均數均介於4至5分之間，顯示填答結果介於同意至非常同意之間。透過變異數分析，職業安全衛生部門、主管職、已婚及年齡、年資較長者具有較佳之安全衛生職能構面的認同度。最後經相關分析及徑路分析可得知組織因素對於安全衛生教育訓練、個人學習動機、安全衛生職能皆具有正向影響，其中對於安全衛生職能影響最大，因此若企業能提升安全承諾、安全領導等組織因素應能有效提升安全衛生職能。
The telecommunications industry is indispensable to our life, such as telephone, cellphone and Internet of Things (IOT) will bring the convenience of life. In order to avoid the occurrence of occupational accidents, enterprises shall implement the safety and health education and training to develop labors’ safety and health competency. This study used questionnaire to investigate the effects of safety and health education and training, learning motivation, and organizational factors on safety and health competency for the operating division in Taoyuan District of a telecom company. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed according to the proportion of employees in different departments, and 184 effective questionnaires were received. Besides the expert validity was established by the expert questionnaire, Cronbach's α value was used to test the reliability of questionnaire. The questionnaire’s Cronbach's α value was 0.966.
The subjects of this study are the engineering staffs in the operating division, their task is the maintenance of telecommunications facilities, so the gender of this study was almost male (92.4%). Becase most of the employees were employed in a young age and have not left the company, their age and years of service are high, 59.2% of them are over 50 years and under 60 years old, and over 20 years of sevice of staffs are 84.8%. 54.3% of respondents are engineers, most of the jobs are the maintenance of communication wire, cable, and telecommunication equipment. Moreover, over 80% of the respondents are college degree or above.
Based on the reply of the respondents, approximately half of them answered that the frequency of safety and health education and training was once a year, and about 30% of them answered once every two years. The most used for the training was lecturer teaching, followed by the discussion of the case of occupational accident, and safety and health films watching. Based on Likert’s five point scale, the averages of safety and health education and training, learning motivation, organizational factors, and safety and health competency are between 4 to 5. By using One Way Anova, the department of safety and health, supervisor, married persons, older and senior staffs have a better recognition of safety and health competency. According to Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient and path analysis, the organizational factors have positive impact on safety and health education and training, learning motivation as well as the greatest impact on safety and health competency. From the above result, enterprises may effectively enhance the safety and health competency by strengthening organizational factors such as safety commitment and safety leadership. |
