臺灣植物誌中所記載的武威山茶（Camellia buisanensis Sasaki）在1931年發表之後，未曾有過其他植物學者的採集紀錄。尤有甚者，Sasaki 氏所指定的模式標本似乎已經遺失。因此，植物學家對其分類地位一直抱持不同的看法。2004年元月，我們在屏東縣真笠山山區，發現一種未知的山茶科植物。經過比對，發現它的特徵完全符合Sasaki氏的描述，因而認定其為武威山茶。不過因為它的花果具有烏皮茶屬的特徵，因此我們將之組合成Pyrenaria buisanensis（Sasaki）C. F. Hsieh, S. Z. Yang and M. H. Su，中名擬為武威山烏皮茶。本文除進行新的分類處理外，亦針對相關文獻及研究歷史做探討。同時，亦提供臺灣產烏皮茶屬植物的檢索表與本種植物之手繪圖。由於目前本種植物之數量寥寥可數，因此我們也強烈建議有關單位，應該即刻進行相關之保育措施，維持臺灣生物種類之歧異度。
Camellia buisanensis Sasaki was first described in 1931. Unfortunately, the type specimen had been lost since its first discovery and there were no relevant materials for re-examination. Therefore, its identity is dubious. This long lost tea species was rediscovered this year at Mt. Jenlishan in southern Taiwan. However, after careful comparison, C. buisanensis is morphologically much more similar to the genus Pyrenaria than to Camellia. Consequently the species is treated as a new combination as Pyrenaria buisanensis (Sasaki) C. F. Hsieh, S. Z. Yang and M. H. Su. Besides taxonomic treatment, historical status of this species is provided here. A key to Taiwanese Pyrenaria and a line-drawing are also provided. Due to its endangered status, extraordinary restoration efforts are urgently needed to save this species.
