| 摘要: | 本研究檢測車前草（Plantago asiatica L.）、咸豐草（Bidens pilosa L.）、枸杞葉（Lycium chinense Miller）、臺灣百合（Lilium formosanum Wall.）、雷公根（Centella asiatica L.）、皺葉薄荷（Mentha crispa Menth.）、野薄荷（Mentha arvensis L.）及仙草（Mesona procumbens Hemseley）等八種青草植物，其水萃物與甲醇萃物之抗氧化成分與抗氧化活性。抗氧化成分分析包括類黃酮、單寧、吡啉類、類胡蘿蔔素及多酚類，而抗氧化活性分析包括還原力、清除1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl（DPPH）自由基、螯合亞鐵離子（Fe^(2+)）及清除超氧陰離子能力、抑制共軛雙烯生成與延長低密度脂蛋白（low density lipoprotein, LDL）氧化遲滯期（lag phase）。結果顯示，青草植物之抗氧化成分中，吡啉類含量以咸豐草及皺葉薄荷較高；類胡蘿蔔素含量以車前草、臺灣百合及雷公根較高；多酚類含量則以車前草、咸豐草及仙草較高。水萃物之抗氧化活性中，還原力以雷公根及仙草最高；清除DPPH自由基能力為咸豐草、雷公根及仙草最高；螯合Fe^(2+)能力以咸豐草及仙草最高；清除超氧陰離子能力為枸杞葉及仙草最高。甲醇萃物之抗氧化活性，還原力及清除DPPH自由基能力以車前草、咸豐草、雷公根、皺葉薄荷及野薄荷較佳；螯合Fe^(2+)及清除超氧陰離子則以枸杞葉最佳。水萃物之抑制共軛雙烯生成能力，以雷公根最高；甲醇萃物則以咸豐草及車前草較高。水萃物延長LDL氧化遲滯期，以雷公根之效果最佳；甲醇萃物則以車前草及雷公根最佳。綜合上述結果以雷公根與車前草具有最佳抗氧化活性。
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidative components and antioxidant activities in the water and methanolic extracts of eight herb plants species, including Plantago asiatica L., Bidens pilosa L., Lycium chinense Miller, Lilium formosanum Wall., Centella asiatica L., Mentha crispa Menth., Mentha arvensis L., and Mesona procumbens Hemseley. The antioxidative components such as flavonoids, tannin, porphyrins, carotenoids, and polyphenol were analyzed. The antioxidant activities, including reducing power, chelating Fe^(2+) ion, scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and superoxide anion, the inhibition percentage of conjugated diene formation in the linoleic acid emulsion system, and the prolonging lag phase of low density lipoprotein (LDL), were measured. The results showed that porphyrins content was higher in Bidens pilosa and Mentha crispa. The carotenoid content was higher in Plantago asiatica, Lilium formosanum, and Centella asiatica. The polyphenol content was higher in Plantago asiatica, Bidens pilosa, and Mesona procumbens. The antioxidant activities of water extracts in Centella asiatica and Mesona procumbens exhibited higher reducing power. Bidens pilosa, Centella asiatica, and Mesona procumbens had higher scavenging DPPH radical activity. The chelating Fe^(2+) activities of Bidens pilosa and Mesona procumbens were higher than those of other plant species tested. Lycium chinense and Mesona procumbens showed higher scavenging superoxide anion capacity. The methanolic extracts of Plantago asiatica, Bidens pilosa, Centella asiatica, Mentha crispa, and Mentha arvensis showed higher reducing power and scavenging DPPH radical activities compared to other plants species tested. The highest values of chelating Fe^(2+) and scavenging superoxide anion were observed in Lycium chinense. Centella asiatica had the highest inhibition percentage of conjugated diene formation when measured with water extracts. The methanolic extracts of Bidens pilosa and Plantago asiatica exhibited higher conjugated diene formation than other plants species tested. Centella asiatica showed higher activity in the prolonging lag phase of LDL treated with water extracts, while Plantago asiatica and Centella asiatica had higher activity in the prolonging lag phase of LDL treated with methanolic extracts. In conclusion, Centella asiatica and Plantago asiatica showed higher antioxidant activity as revealed by experiments from both water and methanolic extracts. |
