本文探討最終廠商在消費價值創造上所擁有的核心優勢強弱，與其最適生產模式的關係。最終財廠商將一單位的中間投入，輔以消費價值的創造，才能將所得到的最終財銷售給消費者。而消費價值的創造直接反映在消費的效用水準。對於中間投入，最終廠商需決定整合生產或委外分工，二者均需考慮南北的區位選擇。企業家在決定其生產模式時面臨以下兩難問題：首先，垂直分工的價值來自供應商的專業經營，但除不完全契約問題外，還需要額外的固定成本。其次，在區位選擇方面，南國的工資水準較低，但組織成本要比北國高。本文說明在創造消費價值創造上所擁有的專業能力不同，上述兩難問題的得失輕重也有所不同。此外，關於國際委外的組織成本下降如何影響國際委外活動之進行，以及對各階層所得的影響，本文也提供相當直覺的剖析。
We present an analytical framework in which firms are heterogeneous in the ability of value creation and transaction contracts of inputs are incomplete. Firms producting final goods face the choice between vertical integration and outsourcing. In either case, they also face location choice between high-wage and low-wage countries (the North and the South). Specialized in put firms have lower marginal costs and higher fixed organization costs. We show that the choice of production modes varies with firm characteristics and provide economic intuition to explain how changes in organization costs affect the choice of production modes and the distribution of incomes.
