| 摘要: | 本研究旨在探討行動心理師之生涯轉換與工作型態，邀請到三位曾擔任專任心理師，現為行動心理師的參與者，參與本研究。研究方法為質性研究取向，以半結構深度訪談進行資料蒐集，並以敘說研究進行資料分析、歸納與統整，整理行動心理師的生涯轉換、工作型態和執業的困難與阻礙。
一、生涯轉換的因素分析
在生涯轉換的部分，共分為三個階段討論。分別為成為心理師、生涯轉換歷程、成為行動心理師。成為心理師的因素主要包括下列四項：家庭影響、對助人有關的工作熟練、對助人工作感興趣、大學修課影響。四項中，對助人工作感興趣為三位受訪者共通的因素；在生涯轉換歷程中，三位皆在實習的時候，決定日後要擔任行動心理師；成為行動心理師的因素包括下列四項：不喜歡做行政工作、行動心理師擁有時間和工作上的自由度、行動心理師的專業度較高、性格上喜歡冒險。其中不喜歡做行政工作為三人共通的因素。其他三項皆為兩人共通因素。
二、工作型態的因素分析
在工作型態的因素分析裡，可以就工作性質、工作場域、工作內容進行討論。行動心理師的工作性質包含下列七項：隨時準備好自己、工作內容多元化、生活不穩定、收入不穩定、工作壓力大、工作機會少、隨機應變。在工作性質的部分，無三人共通因素，兩人共通因素則為工作內容多元化、收入不穩定、工作壓力大三項；在工作場域的因素中，共包含六種工作場域，為校園、社區、醫院、企業、監獄、殯葬業；在工作內容的因素，共包含八項，為個別諮商、團體諮商、演講、開設課程、政府專案、上媒體、社群操作、專業督導。其他無法歸類的有兩項，為網路諮商和進入大陸市場。
三、困難與阻礙的因素分析
在行動心理師執業中的困難與險阻因素分析中，會遭遇的專業困難包括下列八項：自我品牌的經營、自我整合、如何面對壓力源、人脈不足、工作單位的文化、薪資不穩定、需要找尋自己適合的工作模式、少參與公共事務。此項並無三人以上共同因素，在兩人共通的因素中，則為自我品牌的經營、自我整合、工作單位的文化等三項。
最後根據研究結果與綜合討論，針對未來研究、有志從事行動心理師的研究生和專任心理師提出建議。
This study was designed to investigate the career transition and work style of freelance psychologists. Invitation has been extended to three professionals who has previously served as fulltime psychologists and are now participating in this study, in their capacity as freelance psychologists. The methods of research used is the qualitative research orientation, where data is collected by semistructured indepth interviews and by using narrative analysis induction and integration to improve the freelance psychologists’ career transitions and find out the difficulties and obstacles encountered in their practice due to their respective work styles.
1.Factor Analysis of Career Transition
Discussion on the career transition part is divided into three stages: becoming a psychologist, the career transitioning process and becoming a freelance psychologist. The four main factors for becoming a freelance psychologist include the following: family influence, familiarity with the work of helping others, interest in career of helping people and influence of university courses. Among these four main factors, the interest in career of helping peopleis the common denominator for all three respondents. In the course of their career transition, the three determined to be a freelance psychologist, during their internships, four components that influenced this determination were as follow : they did not like administrative work, freelance psychologists have time and freedom of work, freelance psychologists have higher professional degree and they have adventureloving characters. Among these, the dislike of administrative work is the common trait of all three professionals. All the other factors are only common to two of them at a time.
2.The factor analysis of work style
The factor analysis of work style includes the nature of the work, the field of work and the work content discussion. The nature of the work of freelance psychologists includes the following elements: be prepared at any time, diversity of job contents, unstable life, unstable income, high degree of work pressure, fewer job opportunities and quick adaptation to changing conditions. In the section of nature of work, these three persons do not have any common factor. However the diversity of job contents, unstable income and high degree of work pressure were common factors for two of the respondents. In relation to the field of work, the work venues include the following: the campus, the community area, the hospital, the enterprise, the prison and the funeral industry. Factors for work contents include the following eight components: individual counseling, group counseling, lectures, study courses, government cases, media, community operations and professional supervision. There are two other items that are not classified: cyber counseling and entering the mainland market.
3.The factor analysis for difficulties and obstacles
The factor analysis of the difficulties and obstacles of freelance psychologists include the following eight components: personal brand management, ego integrity , how to face the source of pressure, lack of contacts, work unit culture, unstable income, the need to find one’s own suitable work mode, and minimum involvement in public affairs. In this section, no respondent had a common factor. Only two of the persons had personal brand management, self-integration and work unit culture as common denominating factors.
And finally, recommendations were made, according to the research results and discussion regarding future studies by graduate students and fulltime freelance psychologists. |
