| 摘要: | 本研究主要探討婦女照顧子女負荷、托育服務品質與其再生育行為意向之相關研究，研究目的為：一、描述婦女照顧子女負荷、托嬰服務品質及再生育行為意向在不同背景變項下之差異性。二、檢驗婦女照顧子女負荷、托嬰服務品質及再生育行為意向之間的相關性。三、分析婦女照顧子女負荷、托嬰服務品質對再生育行為意向之預測性。四、希望研究結果能提供相關公共托嬰服務中心作為提升品質、解決問題、並提供地方政府擬定刺激生育率之依據。本研究採問卷調查法進行研究資料之蒐集，以新北市新莊、五股、泰山、林口地區公共托育中心婦女為研究對象，採自填式問卷進行資料的收集，共發出問卷510份，回收464份，回收率91%，有效問卷464份，有效回答率100%。依問卷調查資料分別以「描述性統計」、「t考驗」、「單因子考驗」、「皮爾遜績差相關」、「多元逐步回歸分析」等方法進行分析與驗證，本研究結果如下:
一、使用公共托嬰機構的原因最多是因為工作因素沒有時間獲得充足的休息、其次是考量孩子托育照顧品質和想獲得喘息。
二、在基本資料（年齡、家庭每月平均所得、需要照顧的兒童人數、與幼兒相處時間及家庭經濟壓力）與照顧子女負荷各分量表之間具有顯著的低度相關、與托育服務品質各分量表完全無相關、與在生育行為意向各分量表之「知覺行為意圖與控制」及「總量表」有低度負相關。
三、在托育服務品質各分量表與照顧子女負荷之各分量表間在「心理負荷」、「社會負荷」有低度的負相關，其它為完全無相關；與在生育行為意向之各分量表間只有在托育服務品質之「園家關係」與在生育行為意向之「態度」有些許正相關，其於為完全無相關。在再生育行為各分量表與照顧子女負荷之各分量表間的相關，在生育行為意向之「主觀規範」與照顧子女負荷之「社會負荷」為完全無相關，其它有低度相關。
四、經濟負荷、生理負荷、年齡、家庭經濟壓力、心理負荷、教保品質可以預測態度22.5%的變異數。經濟負荷越高，其再生育行為意向之總分越高；需要照顧兒童人數越高，其再生育行為意向之總分越低；社會負荷越高，其再生育行為意向之總分越高；托嬰機構婦女對托育服務之教保品質越高，其再生育行為之知覺行為意圖越高。
This study mainly explores the association among women’s caregiving load, infant daycare service quality and rebirth behavior intention. The aims of this study are: 1.describing the differences of demographic variables on women’s caregiving load, infant daycare service quality and rebirth behavior intention; 2. examining the correlation among women’s caregiving load, infant daycare service quality and rebirth behavior intention; 3. analyzing the prediction on women’s caregiving load, infant daycare service quality toward rebirth behavior intention; and finally proposing relevant suggestions to public infant daycare services as promoting quality care and instituting stimulus of birth policy. This study adopts questionnaire survey to gather data and the subjects are selected from women who currently use public infant daycare service in Xinzhuang, Wugu, Taisahan and Linko District of New Taipei City. The final subjects are 464 with 91% valid return rate from 510 mail questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, independent t test, one-way between ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation and step-wise regression analyses are used for testing hypotheses. The results are:
1. The major reasons of women infant daycare service use are workforce factors resulted in lack of time to rest, next is to search for quality care as respite service.
2. There are some low positive correlation existed between demographic variables （ such as age, monthly income, numbers of child caregiving, time to get along with child, and family economic stress） and subscales of caregiving load; there are no correlation existed between demographic variables （ such as age, monthly income, numbers of child caregiving, time to get along with child, and family economic stress） and infant daycare service quality; there are some low positive correlation existed between demographic variables （ such as age, monthly income, numbers of child caregiving, time to get along with child, and family economic stress） and perceiving behavior intention and control subscale and total score of rebirth behavior intention.
3. There sore some low negative correlation existed between subscales （i.e., psychological load and social load） of caregiving load and infant daycare service quality; there is only low positive correlation existed between family-daycare relationship of infant daycare service quality and attitude of rebirth behavior intention; there are low negative correlation existed between women’s caregiving load and women’s caregiving load except social, load of women’s caregiving load and subjective norm of rebirth behavior intention.
4. The predictive variables to rebirth behavior intention are economic load, physiological load , age , family economic stress, psychological load and quality care of caregiving with 22.5 variance predicted. |
