都市化對環境的空間結構造成改變，道路、建築物等人造設施逐漸取代了原有的自然環境，剝奪了野生動植物的生存空間。目前，全球超過三分之一的兩棲類動物都受到都市化的威脅，都市化對兩棲類造成的主要影響為棲息地的喪失、棲息地破碎化與隔離以及棲息地質量的降低。在人類發展的都市中，公園綠地提供物種生存之棲地。因此本研究目的即了解兩棲類在都市中受到哪些空間結構因子的影響，藉由對臺北市70個綠地中84個水體進行夏季與冬季的兩棲類資源調查，以統計分析找出影響都市中兩棲類的空間結構因子，進而營造合適的棲息地。
研究結果顯示：臺北市綠地中，共記錄到19種兩棲類動物，其中以黑眶蟾蜍（Duttaphrynus melanostictus）、澤蛙（Fejervarya limnocharis）、貢德氏赤蛙（Rana guentheri）最為優勢。棲地周邊條件部份，發現水體周邊植物的覆蓋對於兩棲類非常重要，池邊喬木比例、池邊灌木的比例、池邊草地的比例這三者對於兩棲類的豐富度與豐度都有正相關。較水體週邊棲地更大尺度的綠地條件部份，則發現綠地離周邊山區的距離越遠則豐富度較低，而綠地內部喬灌木覆蓋比例大時，豐富度增加，而不透水鋪面比例大時，會使豐富度降低。因此本研究建議都市公園綠地的開發，應增加喬灌木的覆蓋比例，減少不透水鋪面的比例，而水體周圍的植物覆蓋與水生植物的增加也對於兩棲類棲息地的營造有幫助。最後，從結果中的空間結構因子提出營造兩棲類棲息地的設計準則，水體所在綠地喬灌木比例大於40%，而不透水鋪面低於20%，水體的岸邊坡度小於20°並種植水生植物等準則，並畫出靜水及流水兩類型的棲息地剖面圖，供未來台北市綠地營造兩棲類棲息地之參考。
Urbanization changes the spatial structure of the environment：roads, buildings and other man-made facilities gradually replace the original natural environment,living space. Currently, more than one third of amphibians are threatened by urbanization. The main impact of urbanization on amphibians are due to loss of habitat,fragmentation and isolation,habitat quality. In the city green space provides habitat for species survival. Purpose of this study is to understand what structural factors in the city impact amphibians.We selected 84 water bodies in 70 Taipei onducted amphibian surveys in summer and winter. Structural factors amphibians were also surveyed. Results show that 19 amphibians species were recorded in Taipei green spaces. Duttaphrynus melanostictus, Fejervarya multistriata, Rana guentheri were the dominant species. Among the local factors,plant cover surrounding the water very important for amphibians,with the proportion of trees,shrub,grass surrounding the water were positively related to amphibian richness and abundance. Among the regional factors, the distance and the surrounding mountains lowered species richness. Increased tree and shrub cover in the green space increased richness, and increased proportion of impervious pavement in the green space decreased species richness. The results of this study suggest that in the design of urban green space , proportion of trees and shrubs should be increased and the proportion of impervious pavement reduced. Increased plant cover around the water bodies and aquatic plants also help improve amphibian habitat. It is suggested that greenspaces with water bodies be designed with at least 40% tree and shrub cover and less than 20% impervious cover. Also, the banks of the water body should have less than 20(度) slope and be planted with aquatic plants. Sectional drawings of recommended habitat designs for amphibians are included in the thesis for future reference.
