| 摘要: | 家喻戶曉的童話故事是裹著糖衣的物化女性的幫凶，迪士尼的動畫工業則是披著羊皮的劊子狼，審視傳統童話故事中所描繪的女性角色，物化女性是顯而易見且重要的呈現，體現了傾斜的兩性權力關係，尤其表現在對女性的服裝要求上，在美貌的必要性上，包括曼妙的身材曲線，以及在婚姻上。然而，巴貝•柯爾在她的圖畫書中，企圖打破意識型態的窠臼，以令人莞爾有趣的方式改編童話故事，加上幽默的插圖，顛覆人們僵化的思維。
在本論文中，我想要透過不同的面向來分析物化女性的議題。首先，從歷史的觀點研究女性的身體如何藉由傳統的服裝要求被加以型塑，這樣的裝扮上的準則在傳統童話故事中被一再地描繪，也在迪士尼動畫影片中不斷被頌掦，不但如此，迪士尼更誇大了男性和女性在身材比例上的差異，加劇了服裝法則所造成的對女性身材上大與小的迷思；再者，檢視美麗的概念以及總是最美的女孩得到獎賞的童話故事結局，如何影響現代人對整型手術的狂熱和娛樂界裡女藝人的表演方式；並且探討從過去到現在，女性如何在婚姻中被物化，婚姻中的兩性關係也是女性讀者或觀眾在陳腔爛調的童話故事中一再被洗腦的議題。
以柯爾的圖畫書《頑皮公主不出嫁》及《灰王子》作為對比分析的文本，並以德希達的「差異」思想和西蘇及伊希迦赫的主張認為女性特質應是開放、多元、流動、靈活及具有可能性，做為支持的理論架構，本研究認為女性可以也應該有自由意志決定為悅己而容，而非為悅己者容，在任何時機應有婚姻的自主權，而且兩性之間，應該正視並尊重彼此差異，但非不實地擴大差異。
Household-named fairy tales are the sugar-coated accomplice of female objectification. The animation industry of Walt Disney is the sheepskin-wolf executioner. Scrutinizing the female characters depicted and illustrated in traditional fairy tales, one would find that female objectification is the conspicuous and important presentation embodying the tilting power relationships between genders. Such objectification presents particularly in female dress codes, necessity of beauty, including the perfect shape of bodies, and marriage. However, in her picture books, Babette Cole attempts to break the stereotypical ideology and subvert people’s inflexible mindset with funny retold stories and humorous illustrations.
In this thesis, I intend to analyze the issue of female objectification. First, I approach how women’s bodies are molded via traditional dress codes from the historical perspectives. These dress codes are illustrated in traditional fairy tales and glorified by Disney. Moreover, Disney exaggerates the differences between male and female characters in body sizes, worsening the myth of smallness and largeness on female bodies as a result of the dress codes. Second, I examine the concept of beauty and the the-most-beautiful-girl-got-the-prize finale. Such finale is always concluded in fairy tales and impacts contemporary fad of cosmetic surgery and the way female artists perform themselves in the entertainment circle. Finally, I study how women have been objectified in marriage from the past to the present. These gender relations in marriage also brainwash female readers in the cliché fairy tales over and over again.
Based on Cole’s picture books, Princess Smartypants and Prince Cinders, and following Jacques Derrida’s thought of “différance” and Hélène Cixous and Luce Irigaray’s advocacy of female traits of openness, multiplicity, fluidity, flexibility, and possibility, this study posits that women could and should have the free will to decide not to dress themselves up for men’s gaze but for their own sake. They should also have the autonomy on timing their own marriage. This thesis concludes that both genders should spot and respect but not untruly amplify the differences between each other. |
